Geography of Assam

Location and Area

• Located in northeast India, bordered by the states of Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, and West Bengal.
• Shares international borders with Bhutan and Bangladesh.
• Covers an area of approximately 78,438 square kilometers.

Topography

• Characterized by the Brahmaputra River valley and hilly regions.
• The Brahmaputra River is one of the major river systems flowing through Assam.
• Features plains, hills, and valleys, with the Karbi Anglong and Khasi hills in the south.

Climate

• Experiences a humid subtropical climate with heavy monsoon rainfall.
• Summers (April to June) are hot and humid; winters (November to February) are mild and dry.
• Average annual rainfall: 3,000 mm, primarily during the monsoon season.

Natural Resources

• Rich in biodiversity with numerous national parks and wildlife sanctuaries (e.g., Kaziranga National Park).
• Major natural resources include oil, natural gas, tea, and various minerals.

Flora and Fauna

• Home to diverse ecosystems, including tropical forests, grasslands, and wetlands.
• Rich in wildlife, including the one-horned rhinoceros, elephants, tigers, and various bird species.

Agriculture

• Fertile alluvial soil supports agriculture, with rice as the staple crop.
• Other important crops include tea, jute, sugarcane, and various fruits and vegetables.

Demographics

• Ethnically diverse population, including various indigenous communities.
• Assamese is the official language, with several other languages spoken throughout the state.

Economy

• Agriculture is a significant sector, along with tea production, which is a major contributor to the economy.
• Oil and natural gas extraction are vital industries, alongside tourism and handloom weaving.

Transportation

• Well-connected by road and rail networks, with major highways and railway lines linking different regions.
• Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport serves as the main airport in Guwahati, the largest city.

Environmental Challenges

• Faces challenges such as flooding, erosion, deforestation, and wildlife conservation issues.
• The impact of climate change is increasingly affecting agriculture and biodiversity.

Cultural Aspects

• Rich cultural heritage with traditional festivals, music, dance, and crafts.
• Festivals include Bihu, Rongali Bihu, and Magh Bihu, celebrating agricultural cycles and cultural traditions.

Location and Area

• Northeast India state bordered by Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, and West Bengal.
• International borders shared with Bhutan and Bangladesh.
• Encompasses approximately 78,438 square kilometers.

Topography

• The Brahmaputra River valley defines the landscape alongside hilly regions.
• Major river system: Brahmaputra River flows through the state.
• Diverse landforms include plains, hills, and valleys; notable hills are Karbi Anglong and Khasi in the south.

Climate

• Humid subtropical climate with significant monsoon rainfall.
• Summers (April to June) are characterized by heat and humidity; winters (November to February) are mild and dry.
• Average annual rainfall totals around 3,000 mm, mostly received during monsoons.

Natural Resources

• Noted for rich biodiversity, home to national parks and wildlife sanctuaries like Kaziranga National Park.
• Key natural resources consist of oil, natural gas, tea, and various minerals.

Flora and Fauna

• Features a wide range of ecosystems, including tropical forests, grasslands, and wetlands.
• Notable wildlife includes the one-horned rhinoceros, elephants, tigers, and numerous bird species.

Agriculture

• Fertile alluvial soil supports productive agriculture; rice is the primary staple crop.
• Other important crops include tea, jute, sugarcane, alongside various fruits and vegetables.

Demographics

• Population is ethnically diverse, encompassing various indigenous communities.
• Assamese serves as the official language, with a plethora of other languages spoken statewide.

Economy

• Agriculture remains a crucial economic sector; tea production is integral to economic activity.
• Vital industries include oil and natural gas extraction, tourism, and handloom weaving.

Transportation

• Well-connected via extensive road and rail networks, serving as major transport corridors.
• Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport located in Guwahati, the largest city, is the primary airport.

Environmental Challenges

• Faces critical issues, including flooding, erosion, deforestation, and wildlife conservation concerns.
• Climate change negatively impacts agriculture and biodiversity.

Cultural Aspects

• Rich cultural heritage showcased through traditional festivals, music, dance, and crafts.
• Celebrated festivals include Bihu, Rongali Bihu, and Magh Bihu, reflecting agricultural cycles and cultural traditions.

Explore the diverse geography, climate, and natural resources of Assam, located in northeast India. This quiz covers the region's topography, major rivers, and unique biodiversity, including its renowned national parks. Test your knowledge about the state's environmental features and climatic conditions.