Geography: Mountain Formation and Landforms
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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause of mountain formation?

  • Tectonic plate movement (correct)
  • Uplift and denudation
  • Weathering and erosion
  • Volcanic activity
  • Which type of plate boundary is characterized by plates moving apart?

  • Convergent
  • Subduction
  • Divergent (correct)
  • Transform
  • What is the term for the process of the Earth's crust being broken down and worn away?

  • Erosion (correct)
  • Deposition
  • Denudation
  • Uplift
  • What type of volcanic landform is characterized by a gently sloping, broad shape?

    <p>Shield volcano</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of sediment along the coastline?

    <p>Longshore drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of desert landform is characterized by a ridge of sand formed by wind?

    <p>Dune</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the accumulation of sediment along the coastline?

    <p>Deposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of the Earth's crust being uplifted and exposed?

    <p>Denudation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mountain formation is characterized by the folding of the Earth's crust?

    <p>Fold</p> Signup and view all the answers

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    Study Notes

    Mountain Formation

    • Types of Mountain Formation:
      • Volcanic: formed by volcanic activity
      • Fold: formed by folding of the Earth's crust
      • Block: formed by faulting and uplift of the Earth's crust
    • Factors Affecting Mountain Formation:
      • Tectonic plate movement
      • Volcanic activity
      • Weathering and erosion
      • Uplift and denudation

    Plate Tectonics

    • Theory: the Earth's lithosphere is broken into several large plates that move relative to each other
    • Types of Plate Boundaries:
      • Divergent: plates moving apart
      • Convergent: plates moving towards each other
      • Transform: plates sliding past each other
    • Processes:
      • Seafloor spreading
      • Continental drift
      • Subduction

    Volcanic Landforms

    • Types of Volcanic Landforms:
      • Shield volcanoes: gently sloping, broad volcanoes
      • Composite volcanoes: steep-sided, conical volcanoes
      • Calderas: large depressions formed by volcanic collapse
    • Features:
      • Volcanic cones
      • Lava flows
      • Volcanic ash and lapilli
      • Volcanic fields

    Coastal Features

    • Types of Coastal Features:
      • Beaches: gently sloping areas of sand or pebbles
      • Cliffs: steep faces of rock or soil
      • Headlands: rocky areas that jut out into the sea
      • Bays: curves of coastline forming a partial enclosure
    • Processes:
      • Erosion: wear away of the coastline by wind and water
      • Deposition: accumulation of sediment along the coastline
      • Longshore drift: movement of sediment along the coastline

    Desert Landforms

    • Types of Desert Landforms:
      • Dunes: ridges of sand formed by wind
      • Oases: isolated areas of vegetation in the desert
      • Playas: dry lake beds
      • Mesa: flat-topped hills formed by erosion
    • Features:
      • Sand sheets
      • Deflation basins
      • Desert pavement
      • Arroyos

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    Test your knowledge of mountain formation, plate tectonics, volcanic landforms, coastal features, and desert landforms. Learn about the processes that shape our planet's surface.

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