June Paper 2 Exam Easy
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Questions and Answers

What is the 0° line of longitude called?

  • Prime Meridian (correct)
  • Tropic of Cancer
  • Prime Parallel
  • Equatorial Meridian

    • Which measurement unit is used to subdivide each degree of latitude and longitude?

  • Minutes
  • Miles
  • Kilometers
  • Seconds (correct)

    • What is the line at 0° latitude called?

  • Tropic of Capricorn
  • Equatorial Meridian
  • Prime Parallel
  • Equator (correct)

    • Which direction is measured by True Bearing?

    <p>Relative to True North (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which direction would you be heading if you are traveling due east?

    <p>East (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of compass points in understanding direction?

    <p>Describe Direction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the level of detail in an image based on the size of picture elements?

    <p>Spatial Resolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which GIS data type is used to represent specific locations on the earth's surface?

    <p>Point Data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'georeferencing' refer to in GIS?

    <p>Spatially referencing geographic data using a coordinate system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of data structure is more suitable for continuous data representation in GIS?

    <p>Raster Data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In GIS, what do line data represent?

    <p>Features with length but negligible width (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of an atlas provides background, analysis, and insights to help understand complex data?

    <p>Text Descriptions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an atlas index?

    <p>Guide users in finding specific locations or features quickly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the analytical phase typically conducted?

    <p>Classroom or lab setting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of the final phase of presenting findings?

    <p>Compiling research findings into a report, poster, or oral presentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the presentation of findings usually done?

    <p>Classroom or conference setting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens at the conclusion of the research phases?

    <p>Hypothesis is either accepted or rejected based on evidence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to propose actionable recommendations based on research findings?

    <p>To provide solutions based on the research conclusions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in the summary of research findings?

    <p>Data collected, analysis conducted, and conclusions drawn (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the angle measured relative to magnetic north?

    <p>Magnetic declination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is true bearing calculated from magnetic bearing?

    <p>Subtract the magnetic declination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates a steep slope on a topographic map?

    <p>Close contour lines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique is used to enhance the visibility of terrain features in cross-sections?

    <p>Vertical exaggeration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio used to calculate gradient?

    <p>Vertical difference to horizontal distance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does intervisibility refer to?

    <p>Ability to see from one point to another without obstructions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of vertical aerial photographs for mapping?

    <p>Offer a consistent scale and a true top-down view (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does tone variation help in identifying features on aerial photographs?

    <p>Shows the reflectivity of the object (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of orthophoto maps?

    <p>Correcting distortions for precise measurements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do geographers use aerial photographs and orthophoto maps?

    <p>For urban and rural development planning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of GIS in geographical studies?

    <p>Analyzing spatial relationships and patterns (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is most useful for determining height and depth of objects in aerial photographs?

    <p>Shadow cast by objects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes oblique aerial photographs from vertical ones?

    <p>They show the horizon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are oblique aerial photographs useful?

    <p>To visualize landscape features in three dimensions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does GIS help with in data management?

    <p>Storing large amounts of data efficiently (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do shadows on aerial photographs contribute to understanding?

    <p>By identifying spatial qualities like height and depth of objects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step to finding a specific place or feature in an atlas?

    <p>Access the index to locate the desired place (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In fieldwork, what is the primary purpose of Phase 1: Identify and Define a Problem?

    <p>Identify patterns indicating a problem (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of methods might be included in Phase 3 of fieldwork?

    <p>Conducting interviews and observations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In fieldwork, what is the purpose of formulating a hypothesis?

    <p>Predicting a reason for the phenomenon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Phase 4 of fieldwork primarily conducted?

    <p>At specific locations in the field (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When conducting fieldwork, why is Phase 2: Formulate a Hypothesis essential?

    <p>To propose a possible reason for observed phenomena (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where would you look to find the page number for a specific place or feature in an atlas?

    <p>Index (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of geographic coordinates?

    <p>To define any location on Earth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes longitude?

    <p>Measures east-west position (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are directions specified more precisely using bearings?

    <p>By measuring the angle relative to true north (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of compass points in geographical orientation?

    <p>To describe the direction from one place to another (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are lines of latitude and longitude subdivided to allow precise pinpointing of locations?

    <p>Into degrees, minutes, and seconds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes true bearing from magnetic bearing?

    <p>True bearing is measured relative to magnetic north (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the presentation of findings usually done?

    <p>In a classroom (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of proposing actionable recommendations based on research findings?

    <p>To suggest practical solutions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of compass points in understanding direction?

    <p>To help establish orientation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes oblique aerial photographs from vertical ones?

    <p>The angle at which they are taken (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does GIS help with in data management?

    <p>Managing digital data effectively (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might happen if the recommendations based on research findings are not implemented?

    <p>Opportunities for improvement may be missed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is magnetic declination defined?

    <p>The angle between true north and magnetic north (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a close grouping of contour lines on a topographic map indicate?

    <p>A steep slope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the technique used to make small terrain features more noticeable in cross-sections?

    <p>Vertical exaggeration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the gradient measure in geographical and engineering applications?

    <p>The ratio of vertical change to horizontal distance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of constructing a cross-section on a map?

    <p>To visualize terrain features in three dimensions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are contour lines important on topographic maps?

    <p>To represent points of equal elevation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is vertical exaggeration calculated in a cross-section?

    <p>Dividing the vertical scale by the horizontal scale (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation would contour lines be spaced further apart on a topographic map?

    <p>In a valley area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do contour lines on topographic maps connect?

    <p>Points of equal elevation above mean sea level (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to understand gradient in geographical applications?

    <p>To measure the steepness of slopes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic makes vertical aerial photographs ideal for mapping purposes?

    <p>They offer a true top-down view. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can tone be used to identify features on aerial photographs?

    <p>Tone is influenced by the angle of sunlight. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of orthophoto maps compared to standard aerial photos?

    <p>Orthophotos provide a scale-accurate image. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do geographers use aerial photographs and orthophoto maps in urban planning?

    <p>To interpret landscapes effectively. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element helps in identifying objects' spatial qualities like height and depth on aerial photographs?

    <p>Shadow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes high-oblique aerial photographs from low-oblique ones?

    <p>High-oblique photos show the horizon. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does texture contribute to identifying objects on aerial photographs?

    <p>Texture describes visual smoothness or roughness of surfaces. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool enhances aerial photographs with cartographic details like contours and spot heights?

    <p><strong>Orthophoto map</strong> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do cast shadows play in identifying objects on aerial photographs?

    <p><strong>Shadows assist in identifying spatial qualities like height and depth</strong>. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes oblique aerial photographs useful for visualizing landscape features?

    <p>They offer a three-dimensional perspective. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an atlas index?

    <p>To guide users in quickly finding specific locations or features (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does spatial resolution refer to in GIS?

    <p>The level of detail in an image, dictated by the size of the picture elements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data structure is raster data in GIS?

    <p>A structure consisting of a grid of cells holding values (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does vector data differ from raster data in GIS?

    <p>Raster data uses points, lines, and polygons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of text descriptions in an atlas?

    <p>To provide background, analysis, and insights (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is georeferencing necessary in GIS?

    <p>To associate data with specific locations on Earth's surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes point data from line data in GIS?

    <p>Point data includes features with length but negligible width (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect determines the ability of a sensor to detect detailed attributes of surface materials?

    <p><strong>Spectral Resolution</strong> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In GIS, what type of data structure is effective for continuous data representation?

    <p><strong>Raster Data</strong> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of maps in an atlas?

    <p>To depict physical, political, economic, and social landscapes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in finding a specific place or feature in an atlas?

    <p>Use the alphabetical listing in the index (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of formulating a hypothesis during fieldwork?

    <p>To predict outcomes or reasons for phenomena (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Phase 3 of fieldwork primarily conducted?

    <p>At specific locations in the field (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Phase 1: Identify and Define a Problem in fieldwork?

    <p>To set the direction for the research project (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is associated with Phase 4 of conducting fieldwork?

    <p>Analyzing and interpreting data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data collection methods might be included in Phase 3 of fieldwork?

    <p>Conducting interviews and observations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an atlas index provide next to each name?

    <p>$page number and map reference$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes vertical aerial photographs from oblique ones?

    <p>$The angle of view with respect to the ground$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    $How is a hypothesis different from a statement?$

    <p>$A hypothesis predicts outcomes while a statement provides facts$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using geographic coordinates?

    <p>To specify precise locations on Earth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of direction, what does True Bearing measure?

    <p>Angle relative to true north (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element allows for precise pinpointing of locations on Earth?

    <p>Minutes and Seconds subdivisions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of compass points in geographic orientation?

    <p>To describe directional orientation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are lines of longitude different from lines of latitude?

    <p>Longitude lines measure east-west position (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fundamental purpose do compass points serve in general orientation?

    <p>Providing directions between geographic features (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the angle measured relative to magnetic north?

    <p>Magnetic declination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is gradient calculated?

    <p>Dividing the vertical change by the horizontal distance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of vertical exaggeration?

    <p>Enhance visibility of terrain features (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a close grouping of contour lines on a topographic map indicate?

    <p>Steep slope (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can true bearing be calculated from magnetic bearing?

    <p>Subtracting magnetic declination from magnetic bearing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the final phase of compiling research findings?

    <p>Creating a report, poster, or oral presentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are research findings usually presented for feedback in the field?

    <p>Conference or classroom setting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of accepting or rejecting a hypothesis in fieldwork?

    <p>Based on evidence gathered and analyzed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for researchers to propose actionable recommendations?

    <p>To offer potential solutions based on findings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What setting allows for soliciting feedback on research findings from experts?

    <p>Conference with experts in the field (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the structured approach to fieldwork described in the text?

    <p>To ensure comprehensive and systematic research (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of georeferencing in GIS?

    <p>To ensure each piece of data is associated with a specific location on Earth's surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does spatial resolution refer to in GIS?

    <p>Level of detail in an image dictated by pixel size (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which GIS data type is most suitable for representing continuous data?

    <p>Raster Data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes vector data from raster data in GIS?

    <p>Raster data consists of a grid of cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of an atlas provides quantitative views on various issues?

    <p>Graphs, Charts, and Tables (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are regions such as lakes or national parks represented in GIS?

    <p>As Area Data (Polygons) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an atlas index provide besides the name of specific locations or features?

    <p>Feature Description and Country Location (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do raster and vector data structures differ in GIS?

    <p>Raster data includes points, lines, and polygons for representation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phase of fieldwork involves processing and analyzing data with statistical methods?

    <p>Phase 4: Analyse and Interpret Information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an atlas, what is the key purpose of the index next to each feature or place name?

    <p>Giving page references and map coordinates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a hypothesis in the context of fieldwork?

    <p>To predict possible outcomes based on observations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During fieldwork, where is Phase 3, involving data collection, primarily conducted?

    <p>Field where phenomena occur (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in using an atlas to find a specific place or feature?

    <p>Locate the index (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is studying a theme in an atlas important?

    <p>To gain comprehensive information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step helps identify patterns, characteristics, and relationships in a research project?

    <p>&quot;Identify and Define a Problem&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes high-oblique aerial photographs from low-oblique ones?

    <p>Angle of view from above the horizon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "What specific problem are we trying to understand or solve?" is a question associated with which phase of fieldwork?

    <p>&quot;Identify and Define a Problem&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between vertical and oblique aerial photographs?

    <p>Vertical photographs have a true top-down view, while oblique photographs do not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does texture contribute to identifying objects on aerial photographs?

    <p>Different land covers exhibit distinct textures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of orthophoto maps?

    <p>To enhance aerial photographs with cartographic details. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are shadows important in identifying objects on aerial photographs?

    <p>Shadows indicate the direction of sunlight relative to the landscape. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do geographers primarily use aerial photographs and orthophoto maps in urban planning?

    <p>To plan infrastructure developments based on accurate topographic data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do contours play in standard aerial photographs compared to orthophoto maps?

    <p>Contours provide a scale-accurate representation in orthophoto maps but not in standard aerial photographs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does tone variation assist in identifying features on aerial photographs?

    <p>Tone reveals reflectivity, weather conditions, and sunlight angle of objects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes high-oblique from low-oblique aerial photographs?

    <p>High-oblique photos provide a more three-dimensional perspective than low-oblique photos. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way is vertical aerial photography different from oblique aerial photography?

    <p>Vertical photos have a true top-down view, while oblique photos do not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using oblique aerial photographs over vertical ones?

    <p>Oblique photos can capture more details due to their three-dimensional perspective. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the presentation of findings usually take place?

    <p>In a classroom or conference setting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the final phase of compiling research findings?

    <p>To propose actionable recommendations or solutions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of accepting or rejecting a hypothesis in fieldwork?

    <p>It determines the validity of the initial hypothesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is feedback solicited from peers or experts during the presentation of findings?

    <p>To ensure comprehensive feedback is received (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what format are research findings typically compiled in the final phase?

    <p>In a structured format like a report, poster, or oral presentation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the final phase of presenting findings from other phases?

    <p>It includes proposing actionable recommendations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of geographic coordinates?

    <p>To pinpoint a location on Earth using latitude and longitude (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which directional points are used in compass cards for general orientation?

    <p>North, South, East, West (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of bearings in specifying direction?

    <p>To specify direction more precisely from an observer's position (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does true bearing measure relative to?

    <p>True north (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are lines of latitude different from lines of longitude?

    <p>Latitude measures north-south position, longitude measures east-west position (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Prime Meridian?

    <p>It passes through Greenwich, England (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of georeferencing in GIS?

    <p>To associate data with specific locations on Earth's surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data in GIS represents features like roads or rivers?

    <p>Line data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which data structure in GIS is suitable for continuous data representation?

    <p>Raster data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does spatial resolution in GIS refer to?

    <p>Level of detail in an image dictated by pixel size (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an atlas index?

    <p>To guide users in quickly finding specific locations or features (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of an atlas provides insights and analysis of the complex data presented?

    <p>Text descriptions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is true bearing calculated from magnetic bearing?

    <p>By subtracting the magnetic declination from the magnetic bearing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of calculating area in mapping and land use planning?

    <p>To understand land distribution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is gradient calculated in geographical and engineering applications?

    <p>By dividing the vertical difference by the horizontal distance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a close grouping of contour lines on a topographic map signify?

    <p>A steep slope (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of vertical exaggeration in drawing cross-sections?

    <p>To enhance visibility of subtle terrain features (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is magnetic declination?

    <p>The angle between true north and magnetic north (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of aerial photograph is taken directly overhead and provides a consistent scale and true top-down view?

    <p>Low-Oblique Aerial Photograph (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element helps in identifying objects' spatial qualities like height and depth on aerial photographs?

    <p>Pattern (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an orthophoto map compared to standard aerial photographs?

    <p>Providing a three-dimensional perspective (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function of GIS involves querying and manipulating data to extract relevant information as per user requirements?

    <p>Transforming and Integrating Data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between low-oblique and high-oblique aerial photographs?

    <p>Low-Oblique provides a true top-down view (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step when finding a specific place or feature using an atlas?

    <p>Access the index to locate the desired place or feature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During fieldwork, where is Phase 3, involving data collection, primarily conducted?

    <p>In the field where the phenomenon occurs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of formulating a hypothesis in a research project's fieldwork phase?

    <p>To propose an educated guess or prediction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of fieldwork involves processing and analyzing collected data?

    <p>Phase 4: Analyze and Interpret Information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of an atlas index reference next to each name?

    <p>To indicate the page number for quick reference (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key activity in Phase 2 of fieldwork according to the guidelines?

    <p>Formulating a Hypothesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of data collection method might involve interviews and observations?

    <p>Qualitative methods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should one turn in an atlas after noting the page number indicated?

    <p>Use the map reference provided (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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