Chap 4 Agri Part 2 Crops
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What is the required rainfall for cultivating rice?

  • 75-100 cm
  • 100-200 cm (correct)
  • 50-75 cm
  • 150-250 cm

    • What type of soil is best for wheat cultivation?

  • Silty soil
  • Sand soil
  • Well drained loamy soil (correct)
  • Clay soil

    • At what temperature range does wheat grow best?

  • 20°C - 24°C (correct)
  • 15°C - 20°C
  • 25°C - 30°C
  • 10°C - 15°C

    • Which crop requires more rainfall for cultivation?

    <p>Rice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the soil condition needed for rice?

    <p>Deep, fertile, alluvial soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What agricultural season does cotton primarily belong to in India?

    <p>Both Kharif and Rabi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor that affects the quality of cotton?

    <p>Length of the fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following states is NOT a major cotton-producing state in India?

    <p>Punjab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the cotton plant develops into the cotton boll?

    <p>Flower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not a use of cotton seeds?

    <p>Producing cotton fiber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the cotton plant?

    <p>A shrub about 1m to 1.5m high</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is classified as a cash crop?

    <p>Cotton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region is primarily suitable for rice cultivation?

    <p>Hot and wet tropical regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a cash crop?

    <p>Serves as raw material for industries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two countries account for 90% of the world's rice production?

    <p>China and India</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of soil is best for rice cultivation?

    <p>Alluvial soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state in India is the largest rice-producing state?

    <p>West Bengal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following crops is noted for being primarily grown on plantations?

    <p>Sugarcane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is essential for successful rice cultivation?

    <p>Abundant rainfall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal temperature range for wheat during its growing season?

    <p>14°C to 18°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which soil type is best suited for wheat cultivation according to the information provided?

    <p>Clayey soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country is the largest producer of wheat in the world?

    <p>China</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what regions of India is wheat primarily grown?

    <p>Northern parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What benefits the yield of wheat crops according to the information presented?

    <p>Fertilizers rich in nitrogenous compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state is NOT listed among the top wheat-producing states in India?

    <p>Haryana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of climate is most favorable for the cultivation of jute?

    <p>Warm and humid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country is the largest producer of cotton?

    <p>China</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for jute, reflecting its economic importance in India?

    <p>Golden Fibre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the world's total cotton output does India produce?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following regions is known for jute cultivation?

    <p>The Ganga-Brahmaputra Delta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary growing condition for cotton in India?

    <p>Slightly acidic black cotton soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following countries is NOT a traditional producer of jute?

    <p>Brazil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cotton is known for its high fiber length?

    <p>Long staple cotton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal temperature range for the tea plant's growth?

    <p>20°C to 30°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following states is NOT a major tea producing state in India?

    <p>Punjab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the tea plant respond to dry conditions?

    <p>It cannot tolerate long spells of dry conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of soil is essential for the growth of the tea plant?

    <p>Light loamy soil with porous subsoil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which industries benefit from the tea industry?

    <p>Plywood, fertilizer, and transport industries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant contribution of the tea industry to the economy?

    <p>It is a major foreign exchange earner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal temperature range for cultivating jute?

    <p>25°C - 37°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which crop requires the most annual rainfall for optimal growth?

    <p>Jute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of soil is suitable for growing tea?

    <p>Well drained loamy soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum rainfall required for cotton cultivation?

    <p>55 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The soil conditions for jute cultivation include which of the following?

    <p>New alluvial soil, clayey or loamy soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state in India is NOT a major tea-producing region?

    <p>Maharashtra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of India's tea production is exported?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following countries is NOT known for producing good quality tea?

    <p>Brazil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these regions is specifically highlighted as a major tea-growing area in India?

    <p>The Brahmaputra and Surma valleys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which other states in India are recognized for tea production besides Assam?

    <p>Uttarakhand and Nagaland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one major agricultural advancement during the Green Revolution?

    <p>Implementation of high yielding variety seeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a benefit of the Green Revolution?

    <p>Ability to produce more food on the same amount of land</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant drawback of the Green Revolution?

    <p>New crop varieties being low in minerals and vitamins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the introduction of High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds impact traditional crops?

    <p>They shortened the growing season</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect did mechanization have on rural employment during the Green Revolution?

    <p>Increased rural unemployment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was NOT a feature of the Green Revolution?

    <p>Introduction of traditional farming methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rice is primarily grown in dry and cold regions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    China and India account for 90% of the world's total rice production.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    West Bengal is the largest rice-producing state in India.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rice cultivation does not require specific altitude conditions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rice thrives best in sandy soil with good drainage.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary agricultural season during which cotton is grown in most parts of India?

    <p>Kharif</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT affect the quality of cotton?

    <p>Type of soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which states are recognized as major cotton-producing regions in India?

    <p>Maharashtra and Gujarat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common use of cotton seeds?

    <p>Oil for cooking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How tall is the cotton plant typically?

    <p>1m to 1.5m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the cotton plant matures into the cotton boll?

    <p>Flowers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Geographical Requirements for Food Crops

    • Rice: Requires deep, fertile alluvial soil, with a rainfall range of 100-200 cm and an ideal temperature of about 24°C. Grown in various altitudes and suitable for terraced hillsides.
    • Wheat: Thrives in well-drained loamy soil, with 50-70 cm annual rainfall and temperatures between 20°C to 24°C. Grown in northern India, and yields improve with nitrogen-rich fertilizers.

    Cotton: The Oldest Fibre

    • Cotton is a tropical crop, adaptable to higher latitudes without frost and cultivated as kharif and rabi crop depending on irrigation.
    • The cotton plant can reach heights of 1-1.5 meters, producing large yellow flowers that develop into bolls containing white lint and seeds.
    • Quality of cotton depends on fiber characteristics: length, fineness, strength, and color.

    Indian Cotton Production

    • Major producing states: Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Telangana, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana.
    • Cotton seeds are utilized for oil production, primarily for vanaspati and pharmaceutical use, while the oil cake serves as cattle feed.

    Major Crops

    • Food Crops: Grown for human consumption (e.g., rice, wheat, maize, millets).
    • Cash Crops: Cultivated for sale and industrial raw materials (e.g., sugarcane, oilseeds, cotton, jute).

    World Distribution of Rice

    • Top Producers: China is the largest, followed by India with 20% of global production, primarily in West Bengal.
    • Southeast Asian rice-growing countries include Japan, Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines, while also grown in Egypt, Brazil, Italy, and Russia.
    • China and India together contribute to 90% of worldwide rice production.

    World Distribution of Wheat

    • Top Producers: China leads in production, with the EU combined exceeding China's output. India ranks second.
    • Major wheat-producing states in India include Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Punjab. Global cultivation occurs in temperate regions like the USA, Australia, and Russia.

    World Distribution of Cotton

    • India stands as the third-largest cotton producer globally, following China and the USA.
    • The Deccan Plateau's black cotton soil is ideal for cultivation. Other producers include Brazil, Argentina, and Egypt.

    World Distribution of Jute

    • India is the largest jute producer, followed by Bangladesh, focusing on West Bengal, Bihar, and Assam for cultivation.
    • Gaining popularity due to plastic pollution concerns; also cultivated in China, Thailand, and Vietnam.

    Jute and Cotton Characteristics

    • Jute is known as the "golden fiber" and is used extensively in various products due to its strength and softness.
    • Cotton is often termed "White Gold" for its economic importance within India.

    Tea

    • A tropical and subtropical crop, ideal temperatures for cultivation range from 20°C to 30°C, requiring heavy rainfall and well-drained loamy soil.
    • Major tea-producing states include Assam, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala.

    World Distribution of Tea

    • India is the leading tea producer, exporting 25% of its output. Key growing areas include Assam and Nilgiris.
    • Good quality tea is also produced in Kenya, China, and Sri Lanka.

    Geographical Requirements for Cash Crops

    • Cotton: Grows best in black, alluvial soil with 55-100 cm rainfall and temperatures between 20°C-30°C.
    • Jute: Thrives in new alluvial and clayey soil, requiring 150-200 cm rainfall and temperatures from 25°C-37°C.
    • Tea: Prefers well-drained loamy soil, needing 150-250 cm rainfall and temperatures of 25°C-30°C.

    The Green Revolution

    • A crucial period characterized by increased agricultural productivity through technological advancements, including hybrid seeds and fertilizers.
    • Initiated in the mid-60s with the introduction of high-yielding varieties of rice, wheat, maize, and other cereals.
    • Benefits included increased crop yield and reduced production costs but concerns arose over nutritional deficiencies in crops and rural unemployment linked to mechanization.

    Crop Classification

    • Crops are categorized into two main types: Food Crops and Cash Crops.

    Food Crops

    • Grown for human consumption and provide essential nutrition.
    • Examples include rice, wheat, maize, and millets.

    Cash Crops

    • Cultivated primarily for sale and serve as raw materials for industries.
    • Major cash crops consist of sugarcane, oilseeds, cotton, jute, tea, coffee, tobacco, and rubber.
    • Typically grown on plantations and contribute substantially to foreign exchange.

    Major Food Crop: Rice

    • A staple crop in hot and humid tropical/subtropical regions.
    • Requires warm temperatures around 24°C and significant rainfall for optimal growth.
    • Cultivation occurs at varying altitudes: from 2000 meters in Jammu and Kashmir to below sea level in Kerala's Kuttanand region.
    • Grows well on terraced hillsides and various soils, with alluvial soil and impervious clay subsoil being ideal.
    • The impervious layer helps retain water in the fields, essential for rice cultivation.

    World Distribution of Rice

    • China: Largest global producer of rice.
    • India: Second-largest producer, contributing 20% of worldwide rice production; West Bengal is the leading state for rice output.
    • Southeast Asian countries growing rice include Japan, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, South Korea, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, the Philippines, and Taiwan.
    • Additional rice-producing regions: Egypt, Brazil, Spain, Italy, Russia, and southeastern USA.
    • Combined Production: China and India account for 90% of total world rice production.

    Cotton Overview

    • Cotton is the oldest known fibre, cultivated by humans for millennia.
    • It thrives as a tropical crop but can be grown in higher latitudes if frost-free.
    • Grown primarily as a kharif crop in India; on irrigated land, it is cultivated as a rabi crop.
    • The cotton plant typically reaches a height of 1 to 1.5 meters and features large leaves.

    Growth and Production

    • After two months of growth, the plant produces large yellow flowers that transform into bolls.
    • Mature bolls burst open, revealing a fluffy mass of white lint and brown seeds.
    • Cotton quality is determined by fibre length, fineness, strength, and color.

    Cotton Production in India

    • Two main agricultural seasons influence cotton cultivation:
      • Kharif (summer crop)
      • Rabi (winter crop)
    • Major cotton-producing states in India include:
      • Maharashtra
      • Gujarat
      • Rajasthan
      • Telangana
      • Karnataka
      • Andhra Pradesh
      • Madhya Pradesh
      • Haryana

    Cotton Seeds and Byproducts

    • Cotton seeds are processed for oil extraction.
    • The oils are primarily used to produce vanaspati, with some used in pharmaceuticals.
    • Oil cake from cotton seeds serves as valuable cattle feed and organic manure.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the essential geographical conditions for growing key food crops like rice and wheat. It covers factors such as soil type, rainfall, and temperature needs. Test your knowledge and understanding of what is required for successful crop cultivation.

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