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Questions and Answers
An animal has the genotype Aa for a particular gene. Which statement best describes this animal?
An animal has the genotype Aa for a particular gene. Which statement best describes this animal?
- It is homozygous recessive for the a allele.
- It will not express the trait associated with the A allele.
- It is homozygous dominant for the A allele.
- It is heterozygous, possessing two different alleles for that gene. (correct)
The observable traits of an organism are referred to as its:
The observable traits of an organism are referred to as its:
- Allele frequency
- Karyotype
- Genotype
- Phenotype (correct)
Which scenario best describes a recessive allele's phenotypic expression?
Which scenario best describes a recessive allele's phenotypic expression?
- It is only expressed in homozygous dominant individuals.
- It is masked in the presence of a dominant allele in a heterozygous individual. (correct)
- It alters the expression of the dominant allele.
- It is always expressed, regardless of the other allele present.
In a particular species of bird, the allele B codes for blue feathers and the allele b codes for brown feathers. If a bird has the genotype Bb, and blue feathers are observed, what can be concluded?
In a particular species of bird, the allele B codes for blue feathers and the allele b codes for brown feathers. If a bird has the genotype Bb, and blue feathers are observed, what can be concluded?
A plant has a genotype of AaBb. Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the alleles it can pass on to its offspring, assuming these genes are on different chromosomes?
A plant has a genotype of AaBb. Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the alleles it can pass on to its offspring, assuming these genes are on different chromosomes?
Consider a gene with two alleles, D (dominant) and d (recessive). If an organism exhibits the dominant phenotype, which of the following genotypes could it possess?
Consider a gene with two alleles, D (dominant) and d (recessive). If an organism exhibits the dominant phenotype, which of the following genotypes could it possess?
Two Bb heterozygous individuals are crossed. What proportion of the offspring is expected to have the same genotype as the parents?
Two Bb heterozygous individuals are crossed. What proportion of the offspring is expected to have the same genotype as the parents?
In the context of genetics, what is the best definition of genetic inheritance?
In the context of genetics, what is the best definition of genetic inheritance?
Flashcards
Genetic Inheritance
Genetic Inheritance
The passing of genetic information from parents to offspring.
Homozygous
Homozygous
Having two identical alleles for a gene at a specific locus. (BB or bb)
Heterozygous
Heterozygous
Having two different alleles for a gene at a specific locus. (Bb)
Dominant Allele
Dominant Allele
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Recessive Allele
Recessive Allele
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Genotype
Genotype
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Phenotype
Phenotype
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BB Genotype Offspring
BB Genotype Offspring
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Study Notes
- If an animal has the same alleles for a gene, it is homozygous for that gene.
- If an animal has different alleles for a gene, it is heterozygous for that gene.
- Gametes produced by a homozygous individual carry the same allele for a particular gene.
- About half the gametes produced by a heterozygous individual will carry one allele, and the other half will carry the other allele.
- Gametes from a homozygous individual will carry only one allele: either all B alleles (black organism) or all b alleles (white organism).
- About half the gametes from a heterozygous individual will carry the B allele, and the other half will carry the b allele.
Genotype vs. Phenotype
- Genotype is the genetic makeup of an individual, in terms of the alleles present for each gene.
- Genotypes for fur color are Bb, BB, or bb.
- If both male and female gametes carry the B allele, the zygote will have the homozygous genotype BB.
- If both male and female gametes carry the b allele, the zygote will have the homozygous genotype bb.
- If one gamete carries the B allele and the other carries the b allele, the zygote will have the heterozygous genotype Bb.
- The genotypes Bb and BB result in black fur, because the B allele is dominant.
- The genotype bb results in white fur, because the b allele is recessive.
- Phenotype refers to the observable features or traits influenced by the genotype.
- Fur color is a phenotype and can be influenced by environmental factors.
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Description
Understand the relationship between genotype and phenotype. Learn how homozygous and heterozygous alleles affect gamete formation. Explore how different allele combinations (BB, bb, Bb) determine an organism's genetic makeup and traits.
