8 Questions
What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype?
Genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, phenotype is the traits expressed
How many protein-encoding genes are on the Y chromosome?
231
What is the sex determining gene for male development?
The Y chromosome
What is necessary for an autosomal dominant trait to be expressed?
One copy of the gene
What letter is used to represent dominant alleles?
Uppercase
How many genes are on the X chromosome?
1,500
What is required for an autosomal recessive trait to be expressed?
Two copies of the gene
How often do autosomal dominant traits occur?
Every generation
Study Notes
- Dominant alleles use capital letters, recessive alleles use lowercase letters
- Genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism (alleles), phenotype is what traits are expressed
- Autosomal dominant traits occur every generation, you only need one copy of the allele to express the trait
- Autosomal recessive traits can skip generations, two copies of the gene are necessary to express the trait
- Phenotype is influenced by many genes, but is also affected by the environment
- The human X chromosome has more than 1,500 genes, while the Y chromosome has only 231 protein-encoding genes
- The sex determining gene for male development is on the Y chromosome.
Learn about dominant and recessive alleles, genotype, phenotype, and inheritance patterns of autosomal dominant and recessive traits. Understand how genes and the environment influence an organism's phenotype, and the differences between the X and Y chromosomes in humans.
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