18 Questions
What is the primary component of most genomes, including the human genome?
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
What is the structure of DNA molecules described in the text?
Two polynucleotides wound around one another in a double helix
How many genes are present in the human nuclear genome according to the text?
45,500
What is the length of the longest chromosome in the human nuclear genome?
250,000,000 base pairs
How many genes are present in the human mitochondrial genome according to the text?
37
What is the shape of the human mitochondrial genome described in the text?
Circular
What is the role of the transforming principle in the experiment involving mice and Streptococcus pneumoniae?
Converting harmless bacteria into a virulent form
Which enzyme has an effect on the transforming principle in the lower two panels of the experiment?
Helicase
What was labeled with 32P in the Hershey–Chase experiment involving T2 bacteriophages?
DNA of the bacteriophages
What happens to the culture in the Hershey–Chase experiment after agitation to detach empty phage particles?
Culture is centrifuged to collect bacteria plus phage genes
What is the function of T2 bacteriophages in the Hershey–Chase experiment?
Injecting genes into bacterial cells
Which organism serves as a source of the transforming principle in the experiment involving mice?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
What was the main finding of Hershey and Chase's experiment with 32P and 35S labels?
The bacterial pellet contained most of the phage DNA but little of the phage protein.
What was found in the new phages produced at the end of the infection cycle?
They contained less than 1% of the protein from the parent phages.
What is the approximate number of base pairs in the human nuclear genome?
3,235,000,000 base pairs
How many chromosomes do diploid human somatic cells typically have?
46 chromosomes
What is the approximate number of copies of the mitochondrial genome present in human somatic cells?
2000-7000 copies
What is the primary difference between somatic cells and gametes (sex cells) in terms of their chromosome content?
Somatic cells are diploid, while gametes are haploid.
Explore the fundamental concepts of genomes and DNA/RNA in living organisms. Learn about the construction and maintenance of organisms through genetic information contained in their genomes.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
