Chapter 6: How Cells Read the Genome - From DNA to RNA
20 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the orientation of the RNA molecule produced during transcription?

  • Quadruple-stranded
  • Double-stranded
  • Single-stranded (correct)
  • Triple-stranded

    • How often do RNA polymerases make mistakes during transcription?

  • One mistake for every 107 nucleotides copied
  • One mistake for every 1000 nucleotides copied
  • One mistake for every 10 nucleotides copied
  • One mistake for every 104 nucleotides copied (correct)

    • What is required for RNA polymerase to initiate transcription?

  • A primer
  • A proofreader
  • An enzyme
  • None of the above (correct)

    • What is the function of the proofreading mechanism in RNA polymerase?

    <p>To correct mistakes during transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does RNA polymerase transcribe the RNA strand?

    <p>Continuously by the same RNA polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the σ factor in the transcription process?

    <p>To position the RNA polymerase at the correct promoter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the initial RNA synthesis phase?

    <p>Release of short, unproductive transcripts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the termination signals in DNA?

    <p>To destabilize the polymerase's hold on the RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between transcription initiation in bacteria and eukaryotes?

    <p>The number of transcription factors required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the RNA polymerase after synthesizing about 10 nucleotides of RNA?

    <p>It releases the σ factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of tRNA synthetases during protein synthesis?

    <p>To ensure the accuracy of amino acid coupling to tRNA molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do proteins undergo folding, enzymatic modification, and assembly?

    <p>In the ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of molecular chaperones during protein synthesis?

    <p>To guide the folding of most proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of single-strand RNA molecules in the RNA world?

    <p>They can fold into highly elaborate structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marks the end of translation during protein synthesis?

    <p>Stop codons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of chromatin-modifying proteins in transcription initiation?

    <p>To modify histone proteins to allow access to transcription factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the spliceosome?

    <p>To perform RNA splicing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of wobble base-pairing between codons and anticodons?

    <p>Increased flexibility in protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first modification of eukaryotic pre-mRNAs?

    <p>RNA capping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the nucleolus?

    <p>Synthesis of ribosomal RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser