Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the age-standardised abortion rate in the UK in 2021?
What is the age-standardised abortion rate in the UK in 2021?
Which of the following accurately describes the conditions under which a termination can be performed after 24 weeks?
Which of the following accurately describes the conditions under which a termination can be performed after 24 weeks?
What are the two medications commonly used in a medical termination of pregnancy (MTOP)?
What are the two medications commonly used in a medical termination of pregnancy (MTOP)?
In which scenario can women access MTOP medication through the 'Pills by Post' scheme?
In which scenario can women access MTOP medication through the 'Pills by Post' scheme?
Signup and view all the answers
What tool should be used to assist decision-making regarding resuscitation if a baby appears viable after a termination of pregnancy?
What tool should be used to assist decision-making regarding resuscitation if a baby appears viable after a termination of pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of a safeguarding referral when female genital mutilation (FGM) is suspected?
What is the primary purpose of a safeguarding referral when female genital mutilation (FGM) is suspected?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following conditions is characterized by excessive pain associated with menstruation?
Which of the following conditions is characterized by excessive pain associated with menstruation?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of vaginal bleeding is NOT typically considered alarming, despite potentially causing distress?
What type of vaginal bleeding is NOT typically considered alarming, despite potentially causing distress?
Signup and view all the answers
When is female genital mutilation (FGM) most commonly performed?
When is female genital mutilation (FGM) most commonly performed?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition involves abnormal heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding?
Which condition involves abnormal heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of trauma is defined as damage to the genital region and requires a safeguarding referral if disclosed?
What type of trauma is defined as damage to the genital region and requires a safeguarding referral if disclosed?
Signup and view all the answers
In the context of vaginal bleeding, which of the following is a potential cause related to medical procedures?
In the context of vaginal bleeding, which of the following is a potential cause related to medical procedures?
Signup and view all the answers
Which situation is likely to obstruct childbirth and cause severe trauma if Type 3 or Type 4 FGM is present?
Which situation is likely to obstruct childbirth and cause severe trauma if Type 3 or Type 4 FGM is present?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary indication for calling emergency services after a surgical termination of pregnancy?
What is the primary indication for calling emergency services after a surgical termination of pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of anaesthetic might be used for a surgical termination of pregnancy?
What type of anaesthetic might be used for a surgical termination of pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which symptom is associated with a prolapsed uterus?
Which symptom is associated with a prolapsed uterus?
Signup and view all the answers
When assessing for gynaecological conditions, what is the initial action taken if time-critical features are present?
When assessing for gynaecological conditions, what is the initial action taken if time-critical features are present?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common psychological response to a prolapsed uterus?
What is a common psychological response to a prolapsed uterus?
Signup and view all the answers
What should be included in the maternal assessment post-termination of pregnancy?
What should be included in the maternal assessment post-termination of pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a recommended management approach for gynaecological conditions?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended management approach for gynaecological conditions?
Signup and view all the answers
Post-termination, how long can some bleeding and discomfort last?
Post-termination, how long can some bleeding and discomfort last?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Genital Trauma
- Genital trauma refers to any injury to the external, internal or anal areas of the female genitalia.
- Examples of genital trauma include: post-coital tears, female genital mutilation (FGM), penetrating trauma, and sexual abuse/assault.
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)
- FGM is also known as female cutting and by other terms such as Sunna, Gudniin, Halalays, Tahur, Megrez, Khitan.
- FGM involves partial or total removal of the external genitalia or other genital injuries.
- FGM is usually carried out on young girls between infancy and the age of 15, often before puberty.
- FGM is illegal in the UK and classified as child abuse.
Suspected FGM
- If FGM is suspected in a child under 18, a safeguarding referral via EBS and a police report under the Serious Crime Act 2015 are mandatory.
- Type 3 or 4 FGM, which involves the closure of the vaginal opening, can obstruct childbirth and cause severe genital trauma.
- If Type 3 or 4 FGM is observed in a woman in labor, it requires immediate conveyance to the nearest obstetric unit.
Termination of Pregnancy
- Termination of pregnancy, also known as abortion, is a legal procedure in the UK.
- It is legal up to 24 weeks for social reasons.
- After 24 weeks, it can be performed if the woman's life is at risk or the baby has a severe or life-limiting disability.
- The age-standardized abortion rate in the UK was 18.6 per 1,000 women in 2021.
Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTOP)
- MTOP is often referred to as 'Pills by Post' and involves taking two medications: Mifepristone and Misoprostol.
- These medications are taken 24-48 hours apart and work by softening the cervix and stimulating uterine contractions.
- Ultrasound scans are usually performed to confirm gestational age, but women can access MTOP in early pregnancy via telemedicine.
Safeguarding Considerations for MTOP
- Women can access MTOP medication through 'Pills by Post' scheme when over 10 weeks’ gestation, which is not considered safe practice.
- The Newborn Assessment Card should be used to assist in decision making regarding resuscitation if a baby appears formed/viable.
- In cases of suspected unsafe termination or MTOP misuse, a low threshold for conveyance and safeguarding referral is essential.
- Police involvement may be required in these cases.
Surgical Termination of Pregnancy
- Surgical termination of pregnancy involves a procedure to remove the pregnancy.
- It is performed under local anaesthetic, sedation, or general anaesthetic depending on the gestational age.
- It is commonly performed as an outpatient surgery, with patients discharged home on the same day.
Post-Termination Considerations
- Some bleeding and discomfort are expected for up to two weeks following a termination, however, women are encouraged to contact 999 if they experience excessive bleeding.
- Excessive bleeding post-termination requires immediate pre-alert to the nearest obstetric unit.
- The Maternal Assessment Card should be used to assess the patient's condition.
Prolapsed Uterus
- A prolapsed uterus occurs when the uterus drops down into the vagina due to weakness in the pelvic floor muscles.
- It is not usually life-threatening but can cause shock or vasovagal symptoms.
Prolapsed Uterus Symptoms
- Feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen/genitals
- Discomfort or numbness during sexual intercourse
- Feeling or seeing a bulge or lump in or coming out of the vagina
- Problems urinating
Management of Gynaecological Conditions
- A 'C' A B C D E approach should be utilized when managing gynaecological conditions.
- Assess for time-critical features/red flags, if present pre-alert to a higher level of care.
- Consider paramedic assistance.
- Administer oxygen if the patient is shocked, hypoxic, or hypovolaemic (following JRCALC protocol).
- For non-time-critical conditions conduct a secondary survey and transfer to the ED.
- Offer empathy, support, and pain relief in all cases.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers the critical aspects of genital trauma, including definitions, examples, and the implications of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM). Learn about the legal responsibilities and safeguarding measures in situations involving suspected FGM. This information is vital for understanding the risks and consequences associated with these serious issues.
