Podcast
Questions and Answers
In a cross between a hemophilic man ($X^hY$) and a healthy woman ($X^HX^H$), what percentage of their female offspring will be carriers of the hemophilia allele?
In a cross between a hemophilic man ($X^hY$) and a healthy woman ($X^HX^H$), what percentage of their female offspring will be carriers of the hemophilia allele?
- 100% (correct)
- 50%
- 25%
- 0%
If a healthy male ($X^HY$) has children with a healthy female carrier ($X^HX^h$) of an X-linked condition, what is the probability that their son will inherit the X-linked condition?
If a healthy male ($X^HY$) has children with a healthy female carrier ($X^HX^h$) of an X-linked condition, what is the probability that their son will inherit the X-linked condition?
- 50% (correct)
- 25%
- 100%
- 0%
In a cross between a woman with red-green color blindness ($X^cX^c$) and a man with normal vision ($X^CY$), what proportion of their offspring will be color-blind?
In a cross between a woman with red-green color blindness ($X^cX^c$) and a man with normal vision ($X^CY$), what proportion of their offspring will be color-blind?
- 50% of offspring regardless of sex
- All daughters and no sons
- All sons and no daughters
- All offspring (correct)
A woman with type A blood ($I^AI^A$) has a child with a man with type B blood ($I^BI^O$). What are the possible blood types of their offspring?
A woman with type A blood ($I^AI^A$) has a child with a man with type B blood ($I^BI^O$). What are the possible blood types of their offspring?
If a homozygous individual with blood group A ($I^AI^A$) has children with a homozygous individual with blood group B ($I^BI^B$), what blood types are possible in their offspring?
If a homozygous individual with blood group A ($I^AI^A$) has children with a homozygous individual with blood group B ($I^BI^B$), what blood types are possible in their offspring?
In a pedigree analysis, what does a filled-in square typically represent?
In a pedigree analysis, what does a filled-in square typically represent?
In pedigree analysis, how can you differentiate between an individual who is homozygous dominant and one who is heterozygous for a particular trait if they both display the dominant phenotype?
In pedigree analysis, how can you differentiate between an individual who is homozygous dominant and one who is heterozygous for a particular trait if they both display the dominant phenotype?
Which of the following best describes phenotypic variation?
Which of the following best describes phenotypic variation?
Height in humans is an example of continuous variation. What statistical distribution is typically observed when plotting the heights of a large population?
Height in humans is an example of continuous variation. What statistical distribution is typically observed when plotting the heights of a large population?
Which of the following is an example of continuous variation?
Which of the following is an example of continuous variation?
Flashcards
Genetic Diagram
Genetic Diagram
A chart that shows the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.
X-linked Condition
X-linked Condition
A condition caused by a recessive allele on the X chromosome; more common in males.
Codominance
Codominance
When both alleles for a trait are equally expressed in a heterozygote.
Pedigree
Pedigree
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Variations
Variations
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Phenotypic Variations
Phenotypic Variations
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Genetic Variations
Genetic Variations
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Continuous Variation
Continuous Variation
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Normal Distribution Curve
Normal Distribution Curve
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Continuous Trait
Continuous Trait
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Study Notes
- A genetic diagram illustrates X-linked inheritance through a cross between a hemophilic man and a healthy woman.
- In a cross between a homozygous female with type A blood and a heterozygous male with type B blood, the female will pass the IA allele to offspring with a probability of 1.
- The heterozygous male will pass the IB allele to offspring with a probability of 0.5 and the I0 allele with a probability of 0.5.
- The probability of offspring having the IAIB genotype is 0.5 and the probability of offspring having the IAIO genotype is 0.5.
- The phenotypic ratio of offspring with type AB blood to offspring with type A blood is 1:1.
Pedigree Charts
- Pedigrees display inheritance patterns across multiple generations, showing the ancestral history of related individuals.
- Pedigrees are family trees arranged with the oldest generation at the top and the youngest at the bottom.
- Circles represent females, and squares represent males in a pedigree.
- Shaded shapes indicate individuals expressing a specific genetic trait.
- A horizontal line connects parents, and a vertical line extends to their children.
- Generations in a pedigree are numbered with Roman numerals, and individuals within each generation are numbered with Arabic numerals.
- Figure 11.13 shows a pedigree for fur color inheritance; grey shapes denote black fur, and a white circle indicates white fur.
Population Variations
- Variations are differences between individuals of the same species.
- Phenotypic variations are differences in observable characteristics.
- Genetic variations are differences in the genotypes of individuals.
- Continuous variation occurs when variations span a continuous range between two extremes, without distinct categories.
- Continuous variation produces a range of phenotypes, not a set number.
- Height and weight demonstrate continuous variation.
- The height of an individual can fall within a range of possible values or phenotypes.
- Plotting heights in a population typically forms a normal distribution curve.
- A normal distribution curve indicates that most individuals are near the average height, with fewer at extreme heights.
- Weight and other traits that show continuous variation also form a normal distribution curve when graphed.
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Description
Explore X-linked inheritance using genetic diagrams, including a hemophilic man and healthy woman scenario. Understand blood type inheritance probabilities. Learn how pedigree charts display inheritance patterns across generations, including symbols for males, females, and affected individuals.
