Genetics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true about human chromosomes?

  • Each human cell contains 46 individual chromosomes
  • Each human cell contains 46 pairs of chromosomes
  • Each human cell contains 23 individual chromosomes
  • Each human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes (correct)
  • What are the working portions of the chromosomes called?

  • Tandem repeats
  • Amino acids
  • Proteins
  • Genes (correct)
  • What do the short sequences of bases between genes repeat many times in a row?

  • Chromosomes
  • Proteins
  • Amino acids
  • Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) (correct)
  • Approximately what percentage of the human genome consists of Short Tandem Repeats (STRs)?

    <p>More than 30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is created to identify individuals using DNA regions that vary from person to person?

    <p>DNA profile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chance of another person having the same DNA profile for a particular set of regions?

    <p>Extremely small</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of DNA that differs from one person to the next?

    <p>One-tenth of a single percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can scientists use to generate a DNA profile of an individual?

    <p>Variable regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In criminal cases, what do forensic scientists analyze for the presence of a set of specific DNA regions?

    <p>Crime-scene evidence and a suspect's DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If two DNA samples are alike at 4 or 5 regions, what does it suggest?

    <p>They are from the same person</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Human Chromosomes Overview

    • Humans have 46 chromosomes, organized into 23 pairs comprising 22 autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes.
    • The working portions of chromosomes are known as genes, which code for proteins that perform various functions in the body.

    Short Tandem Repeats (STRs)

    • Short sequences of bases between genes that repeat multiple times in succession are called Short Tandem Repeats (STRs).
    • Approximately 3-4% of the human genome consists of STRs, which are used in genetic profiling.

    DNA Profiling

    • DNA profiling is created to identify individuals based on regions of DNA that vary among people.
    • The chance of another person having the same DNA profile for a particular set of regions is extremely low, often estimated at 1 in several billion, depending on the number of regions examined.

    Genetic Variation

    • On average, about 0.1% of DNA differs from one person to the next, which accounts for variations in traits and genetics.

    Forensic DNA Analysis

    • Forensic scientists analyze biological samples in criminal cases for the presence of specific DNA regions, particularly STRs, to match suspects with crime scenes.
    • If two DNA samples are alike at 4 or 5 regions, it suggests a potential familial or genetic relationship, although more comparison is needed for conclusive evidence.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about chromosomes, genes, and DNA sequences with this quiz. Explore the fascinating world of genetics and discover the role these components play in protein construction.

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