L5 MCQ Genetics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which organism did Thomas Hunt Morgan use to prove the chromosome theory of heredity?

  • Fruit fly (correct)
  • Mouse
  • Human
  • Bacteria

What did Thomas Hunt Morgan notice about some genes that were considered 'linked'?

  • They were only found in females
  • They were only found in males
  • They were not inherited together (correct)
  • They were always inherited together

What did Sturtevant predict about genes on chromosomes?

  • Genes closely grouped on chromosomes were not separated by crossing over
  • Genes closely grouped on chromosomes were separated less frequently by crossing over (correct)
  • Genes closely grouped on chromosomes were inherited together
  • Genes closely grouped on chromosomes were separated more frequently by crossing over

What can we assume if related individuals with the same traits have a common haplotype?

<p>The gene responsible for the shared trait is in that area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using polymorphic markers for identifying common haplotypes?

<p>To focus on a specific part of the genome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the human nuclear genome is composed of noncoding sequences?

<p>98% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are tandem repeats?

<p>Series of nucleotides directly repeated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tandem repeat has a length of repeat unit greater than 100 bp?

<p>Satellite DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tandem repeat is used in genetic linkage analysis to locate a gene or a mutation responsible for a given trait or disease?

<p>Microsatellite DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of repeat unit typically for microsatellite DNA?

<p>2-4 bp (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes a haplotype?

<p>A set of polymorphisms that are grouped tightly together on a single chromosome and tend to be inherited together through many generations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using microsatellites as genetic markers?

<p>To track haplotypes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a haplotype and a haplogroup?

<p>A haplotype refers to a set of polymorphisms that are grouped tightly together on a single chromosome, while a haplogroup is a group of similar haplotypes that share a common ancestor with a single-nucleotide polymorphism mutation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can linkage analysis be used in gene mapping?

<p>To associate haplotypes with traits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a gene?

<p>A biological determinant of a Mendelian character (trait) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of crossing over in Meiosis I?

<p>To create new combinations of alleles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are microsatellites?

<p>Polymorphic repeat sequences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a haplogroup represent?

<p>A group of similar haplotypes that share a common ancestor with a single-nucleotide polymorphism mutation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between haplotypes and crossing over in Meiosis I?

<p>Haplotypes are not separated by crossing over in Meiosis I (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be considered a DNA/genetic signature?

<p>A haplotype (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the coefficient of relationship (COR) between full siblings?

<p>50% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the coefficient of inbreeding (COI) for a person with parents who are full siblings?

<p>25% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the allele frequency if 10% of 100 people are homozygous for allele R1 (20 copies), and 20% are heterozygous for allele R1 (20 copies)?

<p>40% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be concluded about the deafness-associated locus and the OTOF gene?

<p>The deafness-associated locus is linked to the OTOF gene. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the definition of consanguineous marriage?

<p>Marriage between two family members who are second cousins or closer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the risk of autosomal recessive disorders associated with consanguineous marriage?

<p>Increased risk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what percentage of children have consanguineous parents?

<p>5% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the probability of having a child without a constitutional congenital defect in consanguineous marriage?

<p>96% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the most common pattern of inheritance for deafness?

<p>Autosomal recessive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the purpose of gene mapping in the context of hereditary deafness?

<p>For family planning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of molecular 'bar coding' of haplotypes using microsatellites?

<p>To track hereditary diseases in consanguineous lineages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the coefficient of relationship used for?

<p>Determining the degree of relatedness between two individuals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Hardy-Weinberg equation, what is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype in a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

<p>2pq (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, if the frequency of allele 'A' is 0.3, what is the frequency of allele 'a'?

<p>0.7 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Hardy-Weinberg principle state about allele and genotype frequencies in a population?

<p>They remain constant from generation to generation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, if the frequency of allele 'A' is 0.6, what is the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype?

<p>0.48 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for the Hardy-Weinberg principle?

<p>p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, if the frequency of allele 'A' is 0.4, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype?

<p>0.16 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

<p>Alleles distribute randomly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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