Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of a centromere within a chromosome?
What is the primary function of a centromere within a chromosome?
Which term accurately describes a cell containing only a single set of chromosomes?
Which term accurately describes a cell containing only a single set of chromosomes?
What is the fundamental principle described by the Law of Segregation?
What is the fundamental principle described by the Law of Segregation?
If a gene is located on the X chromosome, which statement most accurately describes how it is inherited?
If a gene is located on the X chromosome, which statement most accurately describes how it is inherited?
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What is the outcome of crossing over during meiosis?
What is the outcome of crossing over during meiosis?
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Flashcards
Alleles
Alleles
Different forms of a gene. For example, a gene for eye color might have alleles for blue, brown, or green eyes.
Gametes
Gametes
Sex cells (sperm or egg) that carry half the number of chromosomes.
Chromosome
Chromosome
A structure that carries genetic information in the form of genes.
Homologs
Homologs
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Tetrad
Tetrad
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Study Notes
Alleles
- Different versions of a gene.
Gametes
- Sex cells.
Somatic Cells
- Body cells.
Chromosome
- Carries genetic information in the form of genes.
Chromatid
- One of two identical parts of a duplicated chromosome.
Centromere
- Connects a pair of sister chromatids.
Homologs
- Matching chromosomes that are similar but not identical.
Tetrad
- Structure containing four chromatids.
Fertilization
- The fusion of two haploid gametes.
Haploid
- Cell containing a single set of chromosomes.
Diploid
- Cell containing two sets of chromosomes.
Law of Segregation
- Two alleles for a gene separate during gamete formation and end up in different gametes.
Sex-Linked Inheritance
- Traits determined by genes located on sex chromosomes.
X-Linked Traits
- More common in males than females due to X chromosome presence in males.
Linked Genes
- Genes located close to each other on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together.
Crossing Over
- The exchange of portions of chromatids between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.
Mendelian Traits
- Traits controlled by a single gene with two alleles.
Mitochondrial Inheritance
- Mitochondria are inherited maternally; all offspring receive mitochondrial DNA from their mother.
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Description
Test your knowledge of essential genetics terms such as alleles, gametes, and chromosomes. This quiz covers critical concepts including haploid and diploid cells, sex-linked inheritance, and the law of segregation. Perfect for students studying biology or genetics!
