Genetics: Inheritance Patterns Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which inheritance pattern is characterized by the presence of a recessive trait requiring two copies of the recessive allele for phenotype expression?

  • Y-linked
  • Autosomal dominant
  • X-linked dominant
  • Autosomal recessive (correct)
  • What type of allelic interaction occurs when both alleles in a heterozygote are expressed equally, resulting in a phenotype that is a blend of both traits?

  • Codominance
  • Multiple allelism
  • Autosomal dominance
  • Incomplete dominance (correct)
  • Which inheritance pattern would most likely affect males more than females, as it is located on the X chromosome and is inherited in a recessive manner?

  • Y-linked
  • X-linked recessive (correct)
  • Autosomal recessive
  • X-linked dominant
  • Which of the following best describes a scenario where three or more alleles exist for a single trait within a population?

    <p>Multiple allelism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of inheritance pattern would a daughter inherit the trait from either one of her parents, but sons would inherit it only from their mother?

    <p>X-linked recessive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Inheritance Patterns of Traits

    • Autosomal Recessive:

      • Trait expressed only when an individual has two copies of the recessive allele.
      • Individuals with one dominant allele are carriers and display no symptoms.
      • Examples include cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia.
    • Autosomal Dominant:

      • Trait expressed with just one copy of the dominant allele.
      • Affected individuals can pass the trait to offspring with a 50% chance.
      • Examples include Huntington’s disease and Marfan syndrome.
    • X-Linked Recessive:

      • Trait linked to genes on the X chromosome; predominantly affects males.
      • Males with one affected X will express the trait, while females need two affected X chromosomes.
      • Common conditions include hemophilia and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
    • X-Linked Dominant:

      • Trait expressed in individuals with one copy of the dominant allele on the X chromosome.
      • Both males and females can be affected, but males may exhibit more severe symptoms.
      • Conditions include Rett syndrome and X-linked hypophosphatemia.
    • Y-Linked:

      • Traits associated with genes on the Y chromosome, affecting only males.
      • Passed from father to son with a 100% inheritance rate.
      • Examples include certain forms of male infertility and Y chromosome microdeletions.

    Allelic Interactions

    • Incomplete Dominance:

      • Heterozygous phenotype is a blend of both alleles, clearly different from both homozygous phenotypes.
      • Example: In snapdragons, crossing red and white flowers results in pink flowers.
    • Codominance:

      • Both alleles are fully expressed in the phenotype of heterozygotes.
      • Example: Blood type AB expresses both A and B antigens.
    • Multiple Allelism:

      • More than two alleles exist for a single gene within a population, though an individual can only possess two alleles.
      • Example: ABO blood group system has three alleles (I^A, I^B, i) with combinations determining blood type.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of inheritance patterns such as autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and sex-linked traits. Explore concepts of allelic interaction, including incomplete dominance, codominance, and multiple allelism. This quiz covers essential genetic principles and mechanisms.

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