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Questions and Answers
If a segment of DNA contains 20% Adenine, what percentage of Cytosine would you expect to find?
If a segment of DNA contains 20% Adenine, what percentage of Cytosine would you expect to find?
- 40%
- 30% (correct)
- 60%
- 20%
Which list represents the levels of genetic organization from smallest to largest?
Which list represents the levels of genetic organization from smallest to largest?
- DNA, Gene, Chromosome, Genome (correct)
- Genome, Chromosome, Gene, DNA
- Gene, DNA, Chromosome, Genome
- Chromosome, Genome, Gene, DNA
A researcher is studying the ethical implications of using genetic information to predict an individual's susceptibility to a disease. Which field of study does this scenario fall under?
A researcher is studying the ethical implications of using genetic information to predict an individual's susceptibility to a disease. Which field of study does this scenario fall under?
- Genealogy
- Bioethics (correct)
- Heredity
- Genomics
In a DNA double helix, what type of chemical bond is responsible for holding the two strands together?
In a DNA double helix, what type of chemical bond is responsible for holding the two strands together?
Which statement accurately describes the orientation of the two strands in a DNA double helix?
Which statement accurately describes the orientation of the two strands in a DNA double helix?
Flashcards
Heredity
Heredity
Transmission of traits and biological information across generations.
Variation
Variation
Divergence of an organism's structural and functional characteristics.
Genomics
Genomics
Analysis and comparison of entire genomes.
Bioethics
Bioethics
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DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
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Study Notes
- Genetics is a branch of biology focused on heredity and variation.
- Biology is the study of life.
- Genealogy is tracing family history and ancestry to show the relationships of people to one another.
- Heredity involves the transmission of traits and biological information between generations.
- Variation refers to the divergence of an organism's characteristics from the norm.
- Genomics is the analysis and comparison of genomes.
- Bioethics addresses moral issues and controversies in medical technologies.
Concerns of Bioethics
- Privacy
- Use of genetic information
- Discrimination
Levels of Genetics
- DNA
- Genes
- Chromosomes
- Genomes
- Individual
- Families
- Population
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
- DNA has a double helix structure, like a spiral staircase.
- The backbone consists of alternating sugars and phosphates.
- Strands run in opposite directions (anti-parallel).
- Steps are pairs of nitrogenous bases.
Nitrogenous Bases
- Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T).
- Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).
- 5' and 3' labels indicate the DNA double helix's head-to-tail organization.
- S stands for sugar (deoxyribose).
- P stands for phosphate.
- Nucleotide includes sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.
Hydrogen Bonds
- Represented by dotted lines
- Hold together the strands of the DNA helix
- Adenine to Thymine has two hydrogen bonds.
- Cytosine to Guanine has three hydrogen bonds.
Model Organisms
- Roundworm: Caenorhabditis elegans
- Zebrafish: Danior rerio
- Mustard Plant: Arabidopsis thaliana
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