Genetics, Epigenetics, and Nutrition Interaction Quiz

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What is the main role of macronutrients and micronutrients in the body?

To influence the metabolic programming of cells (correct)

To provide essential nourishment for life maintenance

To maintain body temperature

To generate energy for transport of molecules

What drove the change of focus in the domain of food and nutrition according to the text?

Role of nutrients in maintaining health

Genetic predisposition to diet-related diseases

Completion of large genome projects (correct)

Influence of dietary signals on homeostasis

Which statement best describes the physiological function of nutrients in food?

Maintain body temperature

Contribute to disease development

Synthesize non-essential body components

Provide essential nourishment for life maintenance (correct)

What is one of the recommended textbooks mentioned in the text?

Lippincott Illustrated Reviews Biochemistry 7th ed Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient category includes Protein, Carbohydrates, and Fats?

Macronutrients Signup and view all the answers

What reflects the amount of protein degraded in the body?

Nitrogen excretion Signup and view all the answers

Why must nutrient uptake be higher than nutrients used for ATP production and protein degradation in a growing body?

To achieve net body mass growth Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of nutrition does Nutritional Epigenetics focus on?

Changes in DNA methylation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Nutritional Transcriptomics?

Effects of nutrients on gene expression Signup and view all the answers

According to the Basic Tenets of Nutrigenomics, what is a risk factor for disease?

Improper diets Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the ABCA1 common genetic variant and methylation?

ABCA1 common genetic variant can change the methylation of specific genomic regions Signup and view all the answers

How did a change in EPA in the diet affect methylation and HDL cholesterol levels in a study of 10,000 people?

The effect of EPA on methylation and HDL cholesterol depended on the individual's ABCA1 genotype Signup and view all the answers

Which new tool allows for studying the entire nutrition-relevant transcriptome simultaneously?

High-density microarray analysis Signup and view all the answers

What does nutritional genetics (nutrigenetics) describe?

How individual genetic differences influence response to nutrients in the diet Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of diet-regulated genes in chronic diseases?

Regulate metabolic pathways Signup and view all the answers

How do nutrients influence gene expression according to the text?

By altering the activity of transcription factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of nutrigenomics as mentioned in the text?

Identifying genes influencing diet-related diseases on a large scale Signup and view all the answers

How do gene polymorphisms affect nutrient metabolism?

By altering the sequence itself in certain individuals Signup and view all the answers

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