18 Questions
What is the main role of macronutrients and micronutrients in the body?
To influence the metabolic programming of cells
What drove the change of focus in the domain of food and nutrition according to the text?
Completion of large genome projects
Which statement best describes the physiological function of nutrients in food?
Provide essential nourishment for life maintenance
What is one of the recommended textbooks mentioned in the text?
Lippincott Illustrated Reviews Biochemistry 7th ed
Which nutrient category includes Protein, Carbohydrates, and Fats?
Macronutrients
What reflects the amount of protein degraded in the body?
Nitrogen excretion
Why must nutrient uptake be higher than nutrients used for ATP production and protein degradation in a growing body?
To achieve net body mass growth
Which aspect of nutrition does Nutritional Epigenetics focus on?
Changes in DNA methylation
What is the main focus of Nutritional Transcriptomics?
Effects of nutrients on gene expression
According to the Basic Tenets of Nutrigenomics, what is a risk factor for disease?
Improper diets
What is the relationship between the ABCA1 common genetic variant and methylation?
ABCA1 common genetic variant can change the methylation of specific genomic regions
How did a change in EPA in the diet affect methylation and HDL cholesterol levels in a study of 10,000 people?
The effect of EPA on methylation and HDL cholesterol depended on the individual's ABCA1 genotype
Which new tool allows for studying the entire nutrition-relevant transcriptome simultaneously?
High-density microarray analysis
What does nutritional genetics (nutrigenetics) describe?
How individual genetic differences influence response to nutrients in the diet
What is the role of diet-regulated genes in chronic diseases?
Regulate metabolic pathways
How do nutrients influence gene expression according to the text?
By altering the activity of transcription factors
What is the aim of nutrigenomics as mentioned in the text?
Identifying genes influencing diet-related diseases on a large scale
How do gene polymorphisms affect nutrient metabolism?
By altering the sequence itself in certain individuals
This quiz explores the integration of genetics and epigenetics in nutrition, focusing on examples like the ABCA1 common genetic variant's impact on HDL metabolism. It covers topics such as how methylation can be influenced by diet and genome, and how changes in diet can affect methylation and cholesterol levels.
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