Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a trait?
What is a trait?
- A characteristic that can be passed on to offspring (correct)
- A condition that is recessive
- An organism that is almost pure
- A segment of DNA on a chromosome
What does heredity refer to?
What does heredity refer to?
The passing of traits from parents to offspring
What is the scientific study of heredity called?
What is the scientific study of heredity called?
- Heredology
- Genetics (correct)
- Genomics
- Bioethics
What is a purebred organism?
What is a purebred organism?
What is a gene?
What is a gene?
A dominant allele always shows up in the organism when present.
A dominant allele always shows up in the organism when present.
What are alleles?
What are alleles?
A recessive allele is always expressed in the organism.
A recessive allele is always expressed in the organism.
What is a hybrid organism?
What is a hybrid organism?
What does probability refer to in genetics?
What does probability refer to in genetics?
What is a Punnett square?
What is a Punnett square?
What is phenotype?
What is phenotype?
What is genotype?
What is genotype?
Homozygous organisms have two different alleles for a trait.
Homozygous organisms have two different alleles for a trait.
Heterozygous organisms have two identical alleles for a trait.
Heterozygous organisms have two identical alleles for a trait.
What is codominance?
What is codominance?
What is meiosis?
What is meiosis?
What is messenger RNA?
What is messenger RNA?
What is transfer RNA?
What is transfer RNA?
Flashcards
Trait
Trait
A characteristic passed from parents to offspring.
Heredity
Heredity
Traits inherited from one generation to the next.
Genetics
Genetics
Study of heredity and variation in organisms.
Purebred
Purebred
Signup and view all the flashcards
Gene
Gene
Signup and view all the flashcards
Alleles
Alleles
Signup and view all the flashcards
Dominant Allele
Dominant Allele
Signup and view all the flashcards
Recessive Allele
Recessive Allele
Signup and view all the flashcards
Hybrid
Hybrid
Signup and view all the flashcards
Probability
Probability
Signup and view all the flashcards
Punnett Square
Punnett Square
Signup and view all the flashcards
Phenotype
Phenotype
Signup and view all the flashcards
Genotype
Genotype
Signup and view all the flashcards
Homozygous
Homozygous
Signup and view all the flashcards
Heterozygous
Heterozygous
Signup and view all the flashcards
Codominance
Codominance
Signup and view all the flashcards
Meiosis
Meiosis
Signup and view all the flashcards
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Key Genetics Terms
- Trait: A specific characteristic transmitted from parents to offspring via genes.
- Heredity: The biological process through which traits are inherited from one generation to the next.
- Genetics: The branch of biology focused on the study of heredity and variation in organisms.
Organism Types and Alleles
- Purebred: An organism that consistently produces offspring with identical traits, ensuring uniformity in characteristics.
- Gene: A DNA segment located on chromosomes, responsible for encoding specific traits.
- Alleles: Variants of a gene that can produce different traits; these can be dominant or recessive.
- Dominant Allele: An allele that expresses its trait in the presence of another allele.
- Recessive Allele: An allele whose effects are masked by a dominant allele in heterozygous organisms.
- Hybrid: An organism possessing two different alleles for a given trait; characterized as heterozygous.
Genetic Concepts and Tools
- Probability: The statistical likelihood that a certain genetic event will happen.
- Punnett Square: A graphical tool used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes resulting from a genetic cross, illustrating all possible allele combinations.
- Phenotype: The observable physical traits of an organism, reflecting its genotype.
- Genotype: The specific allelic makeup of an organism, dictating its genetic traits.
Genetic Combinations
- Homozygous: An organism that contains two identical alleles for a given trait.
- Heterozygous: An organism with two differing alleles for a specific trait, resulting in variable expression.
- Codominance: A genetic scenario where both alleles contribute equally and visibly to the phenotype.
Cellular Processes
- Meiosis: A specialized cell division that halves the chromosome number in sex cells, crucial for sexual reproduction.
- Messenger RNA (mRNA): A type of RNA that transcribes genetic information from DNA and transports it from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.
- Transfer RNA (tRNA): RNA molecules that transport amino acids to ribosomes, facilitating protein assembly by matching amino acids to the corresponding codons in the mRNA sequence.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the key concepts of genetics and heredity with these flashcards from Chapter 3. Learn important terms such as traits, heredity, and purebred organisms. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of genetic principles.
