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Questions and Answers
In a scenario where a plant species exhibits incomplete dominance for flower color, where red (R) and white (W) alleles exist. What phenotype would be expected in the offspring of a cross between two pink (RW) plants?
In a scenario where a plant species exhibits incomplete dominance for flower color, where red (R) and white (W) alleles exist. What phenotype would be expected in the offspring of a cross between two pink (RW) plants?
- 75% of offspring would have red flowers, and 25% would have white flowers.
- 25% of offspring would have red flowers, 50% would have pink flowers, and 25% would have white flowers. (correct)
- 50% of offspring would have red flowers, and 50% would have white flowers
- All offspring would have pink flowers.
A scientist is studying a population of butterflies where wing color is determined by a single gene with multiple alleles. Alleles $A_1$ and $A_2$ are codominant, producing a butterfly with both blue and orange patches. Allele $A_3$ is recessive, resulting in white wings when homozygous. If a butterfly with genotype $A_1A_3$ mates with a butterfly with genotype $A_2A_3$, what is the probability of their offspring having white wings?
A scientist is studying a population of butterflies where wing color is determined by a single gene with multiple alleles. Alleles $A_1$ and $A_2$ are codominant, producing a butterfly with both blue and orange patches. Allele $A_3$ is recessive, resulting in white wings when homozygous. If a butterfly with genotype $A_1A_3$ mates with a butterfly with genotype $A_2A_3$, what is the probability of their offspring having white wings?
- 75%
- 0%
- 50% (correct)
- 25%
In a certain species of frog, skin color is determined by polygenic inheritance involving three genes: A, B, and C. Each dominant allele (A, B, C) contributes additively to the amount of pigment, resulting in a range of skin colors from white (aabbcc) to dark green (AABBCC). If two frogs with the genotype AaBbCc mate, what proportion of their offspring is expected to have the intermediate skin color resulting from the genotype Aabbcc?
In a certain species of frog, skin color is determined by polygenic inheritance involving three genes: A, B, and C. Each dominant allele (A, B, C) contributes additively to the amount of pigment, resulting in a range of skin colors from white (aabbcc) to dark green (AABBCC). If two frogs with the genotype AaBbCc mate, what proportion of their offspring is expected to have the intermediate skin color resulting from the genotype Aabbcc?
- 1/64
- 9/64
- 6/64
- 3/64 (correct)
Consider a plant species where leaf size is controlled by a single gene with two alleles: L (large leaves) and l (small leaves). However, the expression of leaf size is also affected by environmental factors such as sunlight and water availability. A plant with the genotype Ll is grown under conditions of limited sunlight and water. What is the most likely outcome regarding the plant's phenotype?
Consider a plant species where leaf size is controlled by a single gene with two alleles: L (large leaves) and l (small leaves). However, the expression of leaf size is also affected by environmental factors such as sunlight and water availability. A plant with the genotype Ll is grown under conditions of limited sunlight and water. What is the most likely outcome regarding the plant's phenotype?
A researcher is studying a new species of beetle. They observe that some beetles have long antennae (LL), some have short antennae (ll), and some have antennae of intermediate length (Ll). They cross two beetles with intermediate-length antennae. What is the expected ratio of genotypes in the offspring?
A researcher is studying a new species of beetle. They observe that some beetles have long antennae (LL), some have short antennae (ll), and some have antennae of intermediate length (Ll). They cross two beetles with intermediate-length antennae. What is the expected ratio of genotypes in the offspring?
Flashcards
Gene
Gene
A sequence of DNA that codes for a protein.
Trait
Trait
A characteristic that can be passed from parents to offspring through genes.
Homozygous
Homozygous
Having two identical alleles for a trait.
Dominant Allele
Dominant Allele
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Heterozygous
Heterozygous
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Study Notes
- Gene: A DNA sequence coding for a protein, thereby determining a specific trait.
- Trait: A heritable characteristic passed from parents to offspring through genes.
- Homozygous: Having two identical alleles for a particular trait.
- Recessive Allele: An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present.
- Codominance: An inheritance pattern where a heterozygote expresses both distinct traits of its two different alleles simultaneously.
- Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism.
- Dominant Allele: An allele whose trait is always visible in an organism when present.
- Heredity: The transmission of traits from parents to their offspring.
- Heterozygous: Having two different alleles for a specific trait.
- Multiple Alleles: Three or more forms of a gene coding for a single trait.
- Polygenic Inheritance: The interaction of multiple genes to produce a trait; responsible for most significant traits.
- Genetics: The scientific study of heredity.
- Phenotype: The physical characteristics of an individual resulting from their genetic makeup.
- Incomplete Dominance: A blending of phenotypes where one allele is not fully dominant over another.
- Purebred: Offspring with consistent traits across many generations.
- Hybrid: An organism with two different alleles for a trait.
- Allele: An alternative form of a gene governing a characteristic, like hair color.
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Description
Key genetics terms: genes, traits, homozygous and heterozygous alleles. Concepts like dominant and recessive alleles, codominance, and genotype are defined. The principles of heredity, multiple alleles, and polygenic inheritance are explained.
