Genetics and Protein Biology Quiz

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What is the primary difference between a genome and a chromosome?

A chromosome is the complete set of DNA in an organism, while a genome is a single unit of DNA.

A genome is the complete set of RNA in an organism, while a chromosome is a single unit of RNA.

A chromosome is the complete set of RNA in an organism, while a genome is a single unit of RNA.

A genome is the complete set of DNA in an organism, while a chromosome is a single unit of DNA. (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a typical component of a gene structure?

Exon

Promoter

Terminator (correct)

Intron

What is the primary difference between the PDB and Alphafold protein structure formats?

PDB contains 2D structural data, while Alphafold contains 3D structural data. (correct)

Alphafold contains 3D structural data, while PDB is a sequence-only format.

PDB contains 3D structural data, while Alphafold is a sequence-only format.

Alphafold contains 2D structural data, while PDB contains 3D structural data.

Which of the following is NOT a typical component of a protein structure?

Promoter Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a gene promoter?

To initiate transcription of the gene Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a protein monomer and a protein subunit?

A monomer is a single protein molecule, while a subunit is a single domain within a larger protein complex. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a gene promoter?

Signals the starting point of a gene Signup and view all the answers

How do RNA and DNA differ?

RNA uses thymine (T) as a base, while DNA uses uracil (U) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a genome and a chromosome?

A genome is a single organized structure made of DNA and proteins, while a chromosome contains the entire set of genetic instructions in an organism Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a gene terminator?

Signals the end of a gene during transcription Signup and view all the answers

How can a protein's active site be described?

Area where substrate binds for a chemical reaction to occur Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes a gene in terms of its function?

A segment of DNA that contains instructions for building a specific protein Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes regarding gene structure?

Eukaryotic genomes contain introns, while prokaryotic genomes lack introns. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the relationship between upstream and downstream regions in a genome?

The upstream region is located before the gene, and the downstream region is located after the gene. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of a protein?

The arrangement of multiple polypeptide chains or subunits into a functional protein complex. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about protein subunits is correct?

Protein subunits are individual components that make up a functional protein. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why the structure of a protein is important?

It determines the protein's role and function within the body. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between chromosomes and genomes?

A chromosome is a single, continuous DNA molecule, while a genome is the complete set of chromosomes in an organism. Signup and view all the answers