Genetics Quiz: Mendel and Alleles

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What are alleles?

Alternative forms of a gene. (correct)

Structures that transport proteins in the cell.

Different genes located on the same chromosome.

Segments of DNA responsible for creating traits.

What does the term 'homozygous' refer to?

Exhibiting multiple traits in an organism.

Having different pairs of alleles.

Having identical pairs of alleles. (correct)

A condition where genes are located on different chromosomes.

Which of the following represents a heterozygous genotype?

TT

Tt (correct)

tt

TtT

How many chromosomes are found in human gametes?

23 chromosomes. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'locus' refer to?

A specific location of a gene on a chromosome. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a plant that has the recessive seed shape trait?

Wrinkled Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors contributed to the late recognition of Mendel's work?

Lack of mathematical approach to biology Signup and view all the answers

Which trait is considered dominant among the characteristics listed?

Yellow seed color Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for one factor in a pair that influences trait inheritance?

Gene Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pairs of traits is not correctly matched with their recessive characteristics?

Seed Shape: Round Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Gregor Mendel in genetics?

He is known as the Father of Genetics for his work with pea plants. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics was NOT used by Mendel in his pea plant experiments?

Root depth Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the Father of Modern Genetics?

Bateson Signup and view all the answers

What were some advantages of using pea plants for Mendel's experiments?

They could easily undergo both self-pollination and cross-pollination. Signup and view all the answers

In what year did Mendel publish his work?

1866 Signup and view all the answers

What does a monohybrid cross specifically examine?

The cross between two organisms that are heterozygous for one gene Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately defines genotype?

The genetic composition of an individual Signup and view all the answers

How is a Punnett square used in genetics?

To visualize the possible genotypes of offspring from a cross Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Law of Segregation in Mendelian genetics?

It dictates that alleles for a trait separate during gamete formation Signup and view all the answers

What defines a phenotype?

The physical appearance and observable traits of an organism Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a cross between two red flowers represented as RR?

All red flowers Signup and view all the answers

In incomplete dominance, how would a red flower (RR) and a white flower (rr) appear in the first generation?

All pink flowers Signup and view all the answers

What does a Punnett square help predict in genetics?

The probability of genotypes and phenotypes in offspring Signup and view all the answers

What ratio would you expect from a monohybrid cross of heterozygous individuals (Rr x Rr) for a trait with complete dominance?

3:1 Signup and view all the answers

How are gametes formed in the context of genetic inheritance?

By the segregation of alleles during meiosis Signup and view all the answers