Biology - Natural Selection & Genetic Modification

False (B)

Golden Rice

<p>natural</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lucy = 360cm³ Homo Habilis = 500-600cm³ Homo Erectus = 880cm³</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of biodiversity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provide evidence of past life and evolution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>closely</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tools for cutting meat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>GM Atlantic Cod = Genetically modified for enhanced growth Golden Rice = Enriched with beta-carotene Bacteria - human insulin = Produces insulin for diabetes treatment Maize = Herbicide-resistant crop</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Produces animals with desired traits = Positive impact of selective breeding Increased risk of inbreeding = Negative impact of selective breeding May crossbreed with wild populations = Con of GMOs Normally expensive = Con of GMOs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differences in genes = Cause of species variation Survival and reproduction = Criteria for natural selection Competition = Drives genetic variations Classification = Organizes organisms based on appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kingdom, Class, Genus, Species</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists, Prokaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>naturally vary, insulated, survive, reproduce, continual, hairier, species</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic Variation = Diversity in gene frequencies within a population. Evolution = The process of natural selection leading to the evolution of a species across generations. Survival of the Fittest = Surviving and breeding for longer due to being better adapted to the environment. Natural Selection = The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ardi = A female human-like fossilised skeleton that dates from 4.4 million years ago. Lucy = A female human-like fossilised skeleton that dates from 3.2 million years ago. Homo Habilis = They walked upright, short with long arms. Homo Erectus = Richard Leakey discovered Turkana Boy in 1984 dating back to 1.6 million years ago.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Skin and cut meat</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fossils are formed when traces or remains of organisms are preserved in sedimentary rock.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To study how closely related organisms are.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>variation, resistance, longest, antibiotics, early, survive, reproduce, resistant</p> Signup and view all the answers

<h1>Eukaryotes = Organisms with complex cells, including plants, animals, and fungi</h1> <p>Archaea = Single-celled organisms that often live in extreme environments Bacteria = Single-celled organisms that can be found in various environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inbreeding = Potential for undesirable traits to emerge Reduced genetic diversity = Increased risk of genetic disorders due to a small 'gene pool' They are all genetically similar = Any disease affecting one will affect them all Useful alleles... = May become rare or disappear</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Choose or select the cows in your herd that produce the most milk. 2. Only let these cows reproduce. 3. Select the offspring that produce the most milk. 4. Only let these offspring reproduce. 5. Keep repeating the process of selection and breeding until you achieve your goal over many generations.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of biodiversity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>GM</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lucy = 360cm³ Homo Habilis = 500-600cm³ Homo Erectus = 880cm³</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Certain organisms reproduce better due to advantageous traits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beta-carotene enrichment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>past life</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transgenic animals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Organisms whose DNA has been modified by inserting genes from another organism.

The human gene is inserted into a newly fertilized egg and implanted into a surrogate mother. The resulting animal is called a transgenic animal.

The process where certain organisms survive and reproduce better than others due to genetic variations.

A process used to study how closely related organisms are. Analyzing DNA changes shows how organisms evolved from a common ancestor.

A preserved remain of an organism that lived thousands or millions of years ago. They provide evidence of past life and how organisms have changed over time.

Variations between offspring and their parents, which can occur through competition and competition between species.

The practice of breeding organisms with desired traits to produce offspring with those traits.

Yield refers to the amount of product produced, while coping with environmental conditions refers to how well an organism can survive and thrive in different environments.

When organisms with similar traits are bred together repeatedly, the resulting offspring have a limited gene pool and an increased chance of inheriting harmful recessive alleles.

Organisms that are genetically engineered to have specific traits, like resistance to herbicides or increased nutrient content.

A transgenic animal is an organism that has been genetically modified by inserting genes from another organism, often a different species. These animals are created by inserting the desired gene into a newly fertilized egg, which is then implanted into a surrogate mother.

The term 'yield' in the context of GMOs refers to the amount of product that an organism produces. For example, a high-yielding GMO crop produces more food than a conventional crop.

GMOs can help crops cope with environmental conditions by giving them the ability to survive in challenging circumstances. For example, GMO crops can be engineered to tolerate drought or resist pests.

One of the main advantages of GMOs is that they can be engineered to produce higher yields. For example, genetically modified crops can produce more food per acre, which can help address food shortages.

Golden rice is a genetically modified variety of rice that has been engineered to produce beta-carotene, a precursor to Vitamin A. This makes it a valuable food source in areas where vitamin A deficiency is a health concern.

One drawback of GMOs is that they can crossbreed with wild populations, potentially introducing new genes and disrupting natural ecosystems. This could have unintended consequences on biodiversity.

While GMOs have potential benefits, they can also be expensive to develop and produce. This cost barrier can limit access to these technologies, especially for small-scale farmers in developing countries.

Differences in offspring are caused by variations in genes passed down from their parents.

Organisms are classified into groups based on how they look, which reveals the relationship between different species.

Organisms with genetic variations that help them survive and reproduce better in their environment are more likely to pass on those traits.

Preserved remains of ancient organisms, providing evidence of past life and how evolution has occurred.

The process of analyzing DNA to understand how closely related different organisms are and how they evolved from common ancestors.

They provide evidence of past life and how evolution has occurred.

Differences between offspring and their parents are caused by variations in genes passed down from their parents.

Organisms are grouped based on their physical similarities, revealing the relationship between different species.