Genetics and Evolution Exam - Test 1

True (A)

Patau's

<p>23 pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Turner's syndrome = 45X genomic compliment Trisomy 21 = Down syndrome Klinefelter's syndrome = 47XXY condition Trisomy 18 = Patau's syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>75 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>23 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gametes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>hybrid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Karyotypes contain the same number of chromosomes in all species. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chromosomal Abnormalities = Changes in chromosome structure or number Meiosis = Process that reduces chromosome number by half Gametes = Haploid reproductive cells Gene Expression = Process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>mu (map units)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>25 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2n+1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>locus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>X</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gene expression = The process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product Transcription = The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA Meiosis = A type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes Chromosomal abnormality = A structural or numerical alteration of chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alternative forms of a gene.

Human beings have 46 chromosomes, not pairs.

Failure of chromosomes to separate properly during cell division.

Trisomy 13 (not 18).

An organism with an extra chromosome.

Females have XX chromosomes and Males XY chromosomes.

The end product of meiosis are gametes (sex cells) used for sexual reproduction.

50% chance of offspring inheriting the disease if one parent has Huntington's disease and the other is normal.

Two heterozygous parents for Tay-Sachs disease have a 25% chance of having an affected child.

An albino individual mating with a normal homozygous individual will have 0% chance of having albino offspring.

Edwards syndrome is a chromosomal disorder characterized by trisomy 18 (2n+1).

A-DNA is not the normal DNA found in cells. The normal form is B-DNA.

Genes responsible for color blindness and hemophilia are located on the X chromosome and are linked, meaning they are inherited together.

Transformation can be used to determine gene linkage, gene order, and map distance.

The locus refers to the specific position of a gene on a chromosome.

Bacterial conjugation is an example of horizontal gene transfer, where genetic material is transferred between bacteria.

The normal number of chromosomes in a cell, usually two sets (one from each parent).

The fusion of two gametes (sex cells) to form a zygote, restoring the diploid number of chromosomes.

Individuals that only produce offspring with the same trait, meaning they have two identical alleles for that trait.

The study of genes, their structure, function, and inheritance patterns within a population.

The first stage of meiosis, where homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material, resulting in two daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes.

A cross between individuals that differ in two traits, for example, flower color and seed shape.

A cross where the traits of the parents are reversed, for example, switching the male and female parent.

A trait that masks the expression of another trait, even if only one copy of the dominant allele is present.