Genetics and Development Quiz

Development of an Individual

• Heredity (nature): Traits passed from parents to offspring
• Environment (nurture): All experiences from conception to death

Fertilization

• The meeting of the female egg cell and male sperm cell

Gonads

• Reproductive organs where sex cells develop

Sperm cells

• Male sex cells (spermatozoa) produced in the testes

Egg cells

• Female sex cells (ova) produced in the ovaries

Zygote

• Fertilized egg cell containing hereditary potential from both parents

Chromosomes

• Thread-like structures within the nucleus of cells
• Contain genes
• Females have two X chromosomes
• Males have one X and one Y chromosome
• Sex of offspring determined by father's chromosome

Gene

• Basic unit of heredity
• Small particle within a string-like formation
• Contains DNA

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

• Code of heredity carrying information about an organism
• Programs inherited traits

Maturation

• Unfolding of inherent genetic traits

Stages of Human Development

• Pre-natal Period: Conception to birth
  • Germinal stage
  • Embryonic stage
  • Fetal stage
• Infancy: Birth to end of second week
• Babyhood: End of second week to end of the second year
• Early Childhood (Preschool Age): 2-6 years old
• Late Childhood (Elementary Age): 6-10 years old
• Puberty (Preadolescence): 12-13 or 14 years
• Adolescence: 13 or 14-18 years
• Early Adulthood: 18-40 years
• Middle Age: 40-60 years
• Old Age: 60 years to death

Test your knowledge on the key concepts of heredity, fertilization, and genetic development. This quiz covers essential terms like chromosomes, genes, and the processes involved in reproduction. Explore how nature and nurture shape individual traits.