Genetic Variation & DNA Repair Mechanism Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a mutation?

  • A change in the nucleotide sequence of a DNA molecule (correct)
  • A change in the nitrogenous bases of RNA
  • A change in the structure of a protein molecule
  • A change in the structure of a lipid molecule

Which type of mutations can be inherited by offspring?

  • Germline mutations (correct)
  • Mutations caused by physical mutagens
  • Mutations caused by chemical mutagens
  • Somatic mutations

What are the principal causes of many diseases like cancer?

  • Germline mutations
  • Physical mutagens
  • Mutations during DNA replication
  • Somatic mutations (correct)

In what way can mutations arise from the action of mutagens?

<p>By breaking polynucleotide strands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most frequent spontaneous mutation?

<p>Depurination of guanine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can chemical mutagens contribute to mutation?

<p>By incorporating mismatched bases during replication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mutation causes the substitution of an incorrect amino acid?

<p>Nonsense mutation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a nonsense mutation?

<p>The codon becomes a termination codon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which source is categorized as an endogenous source (Internal) of induced mutations?

<p>Reactive oxygen species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of deamination during a spontaneous mutation?

<p>Conversion of cytosine to uracil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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