Genetic Variation and Alleles
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Questions and Answers

What is an allele?

  • A type of chromosome
  • A genetic mutation
  • A gene that codes for flower color
  • Any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a specific locus (correct)

    • How many alleles do your cells have for each gene?

  • Two (correct)
  • Four
  • Three
  • One

    • What does homozygous mean?

  • Having only one chromosome
  • Having two different alleles at a specific locus
  • The process of cell division
  • Describing two of the same alleles at a specific locus (correct)

    • In genetics, what does heterozygous refer to?

    <p>Having different alleles at a specific locus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many alleles are there in a homozygous individual for a specific gene?

    <p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the allele that is only expressed when two copies are present?

    <p>Recessive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is an allele considered dominant in a heterozygote?

    <p>It is expressed while the recessive allele is not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are alleles typically represented on paper?

    <p>With individual letters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Mendel's experiments, what type of flowers were observed in the F1 plants?

    <p>Purple flowers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the genotype for a trait typically represented using letters?

    <p>Uppercase letters for both alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the Human Genome Project?

    <p>Analyzing the genetic material of organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe all of an organism’s genetic material?

    <p>Genome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term typically refers to the genetic makeup of a specific set of genes?

    <p>Genotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is expressed when an organism is heterozygous for a trait?

    <p>Dominant allele</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do we call the physical characteristics of an individual organism?

    <p>Phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a pea plant has one allele for purple flowers and one for white flowers, what color will the flowers most likely be?

    <p>Purple</p> Signup and view all the answers

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