Genetic Technologies in Agriculture and Ethics
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Questions and Answers

What is one potential application of genetic technologies in agriculture?

  • Increasing the soil's mineral content
  • Developing pesticides with no genetic components
  • Moving genes from one species to another (correct)
  • Creating fossil fuels from plant materials

    • What is one of the ethical considerations surrounding the use of genetic technologies?

  • Enhancing the taste of food products
  • Patenting genomes of modified organisms (correct)
  • Training farmers in traditional farming methods
  • Increasing global food production without any downsides

    • What role does DNA play in cellular function?

  • It acts as a primary energy storage molecule
  • It serves as a template for protein synthesis (correct)
  • It aids in cell membrane formation
  • It provides energy for cellular activities

    • Why is DNA replication significant in the body?

    <p>It ensures each new cell has a complete set of DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the basic components that represent DNA sequences?

    <p>The letters A, T, C, and G</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which professional role might involve working with genetic technologies and their applications?

    <p>Biological Technician</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of diseases could potentially be treated through manipulation of human cells using genetic technologies?

    <p>Previously untreatable debilitating diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of corporations patenting genetically modified organisms?

    <p>Decreased competition in the market</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which purine pairs with thymine in the DNA structure?

    <p>Adenine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bonds hold the nitrogenous bases together in DNA?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is complementary base pairing?

    <p>Pairing between a purine and a pyrimidine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many hydrogen bonds does guanine form with cytosine?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If one strand of DNA has the sequence ACGT, what will the complementary strand's sequence be?

    <p>TGCA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the structure of DNA strands?

    <p>Both strands are antiparallel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the DNA molecule considered very stable?

    <p>Large numbers of hydrogen bonds collectively create strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which base does adenine NOT pair with?

    <p>Cytosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of DNA helicase during DNA replication?

    <p>It opens the double helix.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which direction does DNA polymerase III synthesize new DNA strands?

    <p>5' to 3'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of RNA primers in DNA replication?

    <p>They act as starting points for DNA synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the leading strand from the lagging strand during replication?

    <p>The leading strand is synthesized continuously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does DNA polymerase III bond nucleotides together?

    <p>By bonding the phosphate on the 5' end to the hydroxyl group on the 3' end.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What proteins help maintain the separation of DNA strands during replication?

    <p>Single-stranded binding proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bonds are formed between complementary nucleotides during DNA strand synthesis?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which DNA polymerase is primarily involved in synthesizing new DNA strands during replication?

    <p>DNA polymerase III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the anticodon in the tRNA molecule?

    <p>It matches with the corresponding mRNA codon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the amino acid attached to the tRNA molecule?

    <p>Covalently bound to the adenine nucleotide at the 3' end.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid is added based on the provided anticodon AUA?

    <p>Tyrosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily causes the folding of the tRNA molecule into its cloverleaf structure?

    <p>Hydrogen bonding between complementary bases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'aminoacyl' refer to in the context of tRNA?

    <p>The terminal adenine nucleotide that attaches to an amino acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the tRNA molecule includes the anticodon?

    <p>The anticodon arm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the cloverleaf structure of tRNA?

    <p>Peptidyl bond region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural feature distinguishes tRNA from other types of RNA?

    <p>Cloverleaf structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique will be used to identify proteins related to shell color in the experiment?

    <p>Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which researcher is known for their work on Huntington disease?

    <p>Dr. Michael Hayden</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What genetic disorder is associated with Dr. Christine Bear's research?

    <p>Cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What overarching project aimed to produce maps of human genetic makeup?

    <p>Human Genome Project</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following researchers has contributed to studies on Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

    <p>Dr. Ron Warton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did the meetings to develop plans for the Human Genome Project take place?

    <p>Mid-1980s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common outcome of collaboration among research teams in genetics?

    <p>Increased understanding of genetic disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genetic disorder has multiple researchers listed, focusing on it?

    <p>Cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of DNA polymerase III during DNA replication?

    <p>To synthesize new DNA strands complementary to the template</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which direction does DNA polymerase III synthesize new strands of DNA?

    <p>5' to 3'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the synthesis of the leading strand differ from the lagging strand?

    <p>The leading strand is formed in fragments, while the lagging strand is continuous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enzyme is responsible for replacing RNA primers with DNA nucleotides?

    <p>DNA polymerase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of DNA ligase in DNA replication?

    <p>To link sugar–phosphate backbones of DNA fragments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strand is synthesized in the opposite direction relative to the replication fork?

    <p>Lagging strand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connects the phosphate group of a free nucleotide to the sugar of the last nucleotide in the growing DNA strand?

    <p>Phosphodiester bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

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    Unit C3 Biology 30 - Past Paper PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the applications and ethical considerations of genetic technologies in agriculture. It covers topics such as DNA structure, replication, and the impact of genetic modifications on health and food industries. Test your knowledge on the crucial aspects of genetics and its implications for society.

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