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Questions and Answers
Which type of genetic inheritance is demonstrated in the example provided?
Which type of genetic inheritance is demonstrated in the example provided?
- Epistatic inheritance
- Polygenic inheritance
- Codominant inheritance
- Monogenic inheritance (correct)
What is the relationship between the alleles N and n in the example?
What is the relationship between the alleles N and n in the example?
- Codominant
- Epistatic
- Recessive-recessive
- Dominant-recessive (correct)
What is the expected phenotype of the offspring if the parents have the genotypes NN and nn?
What is the expected phenotype of the offspring if the parents have the genotypes NN and nn?
- Some offspring will have normal wings and some will have vestigial wings
- All offspring will have vestigial wings
- All offspring will have normal wings (correct)
- The offspring will have a range of wing lengths
Which component of a genetic inheritance diagram is used to display the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring?
Which component of a genetic inheritance diagram is used to display the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring?
What is the purpose of a genetic inheritance diagram?
What is the purpose of a genetic inheritance diagram?
In a monohybrid cross, what are the possible genotypes of the F1 generation offspring when the parents have the genotypes Nn and Nn?
In a monohybrid cross, what are the possible genotypes of the F1 generation offspring when the parents have the genotypes Nn and Nn?
What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation offspring in a monohybrid cross when the F1 generation has the genotype Nn?
What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation offspring in a monohybrid cross when the F1 generation has the genotype Nn?
What is the genotype of the F1 generation offspring when the parents have the genotypes N,N and n,n in a monohybrid cross?
What is the genotype of the F1 generation offspring when the parents have the genotypes N,N and n,n in a monohybrid cross?
What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation offspring in a monohybrid cross when the F1 generation has the genotype NN?
What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation offspring in a monohybrid cross when the F1 generation has the genotype NN?
What is the genotype of the F2 generation offspring in a monohybrid cross when the parents have the genotypes N,N and n,n?
What is the genotype of the F2 generation offspring in a monohybrid cross when the parents have the genotypes N,N and n,n?
What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation offspring in a monohybrid cross when the F1 generation has the genotype nn?
What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation offspring in a monohybrid cross when the F1 generation has the genotype nn?
What is the expected phenotypic ratio for a monohybrid cross between a heterozygous parent (Bb) and a homozygous recessive parent (bb)?
What is the expected phenotypic ratio for a monohybrid cross between a heterozygous parent (Bb) and a homozygous recessive parent (bb)?
If a cross between two heterozygous parents (Bb x Bb) produces an offspring with the recessive phenotype (bb), what is the genotypic ratio of the offspring?
If a cross between two heterozygous parents (Bb x Bb) produces an offspring with the recessive phenotype (bb), what is the genotypic ratio of the offspring?
If a plant with red flowers (RR) is crossed with a plant with white flowers (rr), what is the phenotypic ratio of the F1 generation?
If a plant with red flowers (RR) is crossed with a plant with white flowers (rr), what is the phenotypic ratio of the F1 generation?
In a monohybrid cross, what is the probability of obtaining an offspring with the dominant phenotype if both parents are heterozygous?
In a monohybrid cross, what is the probability of obtaining an offspring with the dominant phenotype if both parents are heterozygous?
If a plant with round seeds (RR) is crossed with a plant with wrinkled seeds (rr), what is the genotypic ratio of the F2 generation?
If a plant with round seeds (RR) is crossed with a plant with wrinkled seeds (rr), what is the genotypic ratio of the F2 generation?
What is the test cross used for in monohybrid crosses?
What is the test cross used for in monohybrid crosses?
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Study Notes
Types of Genetic Inheritance
- Monohybrid crosses demonstrate inheritance patterns of a single trait involving two alleles.
Allele Relationships
- Alleles N (dominant) and n (recessive): N masks the presence of n in the phenotype.
Offspring Phenotypes from Specific Genotypes
- Parental genotypes NN and nn result in all offspring displaying the dominant phenotype (Nn).
Genetic Inheritance Diagrams
- A Punnett square is typically used to show possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring.
Purpose of Genetic Diagrams
- Genetic inheritance diagrams help predict the probability of offspring inheriting specific traits based on parent genotypes.
F1 Generation Genotypes
- When both parents have genotype Nn, the possible genotypes of the F1 generation are: NN, Nn, nN, and nn.
F2 Generation Phenotypic Ratios
- With F1 generation Nn, the expected phenotypic ratio in F2 generation is 3:1 (dominant to recessive).
Genotypes in Monohybrid Crosses
- For parents NN and nn, the F1 generation will uniformly be Nn.
Phenotypic Ratios in F2 Generation with NN
- If F1 is NN, all F2 offspring must express the dominant phenotype.
F2 Generation from Two Heterozygous Parents
- Cross between N and n will yield genotypes: 1 NN, 2 Nn, 1 nn, resulting in a phenotypic ratio of 3:1.
Probability of Dominant Phenotype
- Alleles from heterozygous parents (Bb x Bb) yield a 75% probability of dominant phenotype in offspring.
Crosses with Specific Traits
- Crossing red flowered (RR) with white flowered (rr) results in all F1 offspring having red flowers.
Genotypic Ratio for Round and Wrinkled Seeds
- Cross between round seeds (RR) and wrinkled seeds (rr) produces F2 genotypes: 1 RR, 2 Rr, 1 rr.
Test Cross Purpose
- A test cross determines an organism's genotype by crossing it with a homozygous recessive individual to reveal its genetic contribution.
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