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Questions and Answers
What is the process of altering an organism's DNA known as?
When did modern genetic engineering officially start?
What is the controversy surrounding genetic engineering primarily related to?
What is the basis for genetic engineering?
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How are genes inserted into the host genome during genetic engineering?
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What distinguishes transgenic organisms from GMOs?
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What is the main purpose of knock-in and knock-out organisms in genetic engineering?
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What is the purpose of using genetic engineering to create glow organisms?
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How can genetic engineering be used in disease models?
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What is an example of an organism that has been genetically engineered to express green fluorescent protein (GFP)?
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Study Notes
- Genetic engineering involves the manipulation of recombinant DNA from two or more species to create genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
- Recombinant DNA is the basis for genetic engineering and can be transferred into organisms using vectors like plasmids, bacterial artificial chromosomes, yeast artificial chromosomes, or viruses
- Genetic engineering process starts with isolating and cloning required genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
- Genes are then inserted into the host genome by cutting both the isolated gene and vector using restriction enzymes and ligating them together
- Transgenic organisms have DNA from a different species incorporated into their genome, while GMOs have their DNA altered but not necessarily from another species
- Examples of genetic engineering include BT cotton, a GMO and transgenic organism that produces a bacterial toxin as an insecticide, and golden rice, a GMO that produces beta carotene for increased nutritional value
- Genetic engineering has played a significant role in agriculture, medicine, and research with the production of human insulin, Interferon for viral treatments, and gene function studies, respectively.
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Description
Test your knowledge on genetic engineering, which involves the alteration of an organism's DNA by humans. Explore the controversies, ethical considerations, and ecological impact of genetic engineering.
