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14 Questions

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Genetic Disorders and DNA Probes

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of a gene 'probe' in molecular biology?

To separate DNA fragments by gel electrophoresis

To amplify minute amounts of DNA

To label DNA with a radioactive isotope

To locate and bind to its complementary sequence (correct)

In which technique is RNA separated by gel electrophoresis and transferred onto a membrane sheet?

Northern blotting (correct)

Polymerase chain reaction

In situ hybridization

Southern blotting

What is the function of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in molecular biology?

To separate DNA fragments by gel electrophoresis

To label DNA with a radioactive isotope

To locate and bind to its complementary sequence

To amplify minute amounts of DNA (correct)

What are the 'oligonucleotide primers' used for in polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

To initiate the amplification process Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of in situ hybridization in molecular biology?

To localize native nucleic acid sequences within the cell Signup and view all the answers

How does a DNA probe differ from oligonucleotide primers in molecular biology?

A DNA probe is used to locate and bind to its complementary sequence, while oligonucleotide primers amplify minute amounts of DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of denaturing the genomic DNA in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

To convert it into single-stranded DNA Signup and view all the answers

What happens after the primers bind to their target DNA in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

The DNA polymerase extends the primers in opposite directions Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR)?

To simultaneously quantify and amplify a given DNA sequence Signup and view all the answers

What technique can be combined with real-time polymerase chain reaction to quantify low abundance messenger RNA (mRNA)?

Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using fluorescent dyes in real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR)?

To quantify the DNA after each round of amplification Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of modified DNA oligonucleotide probes in real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR)?

To fluoresce when hybridized with complementary DNA Signup and view all the answers

What does real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) allow researchers to determine?

The presence and number of copies of a specific sequence in a sample Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cycle repetition in polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

To produce millions of amplifications Signup and view all the answers