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Genetic Contribution to ASD and DSM-5-TR

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Genetic Contribution to ASD and DSM-5-TR

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of ASD cases may be associated with a known genetic mutation?

15% (correct)

20%

10%

Which of the following conditions is described in the text as occurring almost exclusively among females?

Pervasive developmental disorder

Rett syndrome (correct)

Fragile X syndrome

Autism spectrum disorder

What is the genetic basis of Rett syndrome?

A dominant X-linked allele (correct)

A mutation in a recessive autosomal gene

A mutation in a dominant autosomal gene

A recessive X-linked allele

What did MRI images taken between 6 and 24 months of age show about the amygdala growth in children later diagnosed with ASD?

Faster amygdala growth compared to healthy controls and fragile X syndrome patients Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the rate of amygdala growth and social deficits in children with ASD?

A faster amygdala growth rate is associated with greater social deficits. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main point of the first paragraph regarding the genetic contribution to ASD?

Up to 15% of ASD cases may be associated with a known genetic mutation. Signup and view all the answers

What did the analysis of postmortem brain slides from 10 males with ASD and 10 male controls show?

Higher densities of dendritic spines and a greater number of synapses in the temporal lobe of the affected group Signup and view all the answers

What did Lovaas and associates report about how children with and without autism responded to a complex stimulus?

Children with autism tended to respond to only one stimulus component and ignore the other two, while the healthy children responded to each component equally Signup and view all the answers

According to the behavior interference theory, what is the first tendency that leads to the development of ASD?

A tendency to escape or avoid tactile or auditory stimuli Signup and view all the answers

What did the review of four decades of stimulus overselectivity research find?

The concept of stimulus overselectivity remains a useful one with implications for a number of ASD symptoms and their treatment, especially if broadened into the notion of atypical selective attention Signup and view all the answers

What did the analysis of infants later diagnosed with ASD show about their growth compared to their peers?

Infants later diagnosed with ASD showed smaller head circumference and body length at birth than their peers, but then grew larger than their peers after 1 year Signup and view all the answers

What did the authors suggest about how the tendency to ignore many aspects of relevant environmental information could impact children with autism?

It could result in difficulties with language development and learning other skills Signup and view all the answers