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Genetic Aspects of Alzheimer's Disease

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Questions and Answers

What genetic inheritance pattern is predominantly seen in familial Alzheimer's Disease (FAD)?

Completely independent of genetic inheritance

Only recessive inheritance

Only dominant inheritance

A combination of both dominant and recessive inheritance (correct)

What happens if an individual inherits a mutant gene from either parent regarding early-onset Alzheimer's Disease?

They will definitely develop early-onset AD (correct)

They will have a 25% chance of developing AD

They will develop late-onset AD instead

They will not develop AD regardless of the other parent’s genes

What distinguishes early-onset Alzheimer's Disease from late-onset in terms of genetic mutations?

Only healthy carriers can develop early-onset AD

All early-onset mutations are recessive

Late-onset AD is never influenced by genetics

Early-onset mutations often involve dominant genes (correct)

In the context of familial Alzheimer's Disease, what is true about carriers of a recessive mutant gene?

<p>They do not exhibit symptoms but can pass the gene to offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism causes the rapid accumulation of beta-amyloid in early-onset Alzheimer's Disease?

<p>Malformation of proteins associated with genetic mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Genetic Component of Alzheimer's Disease (AD)

Familial AD is rare but presents similar brain effects to typical AD.
Rapid beta-amyloid accumulation in familial AD is linked to genetic mutations that cause abnormal proteins associated with amyloid plaques.
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, one from each parent.
Early-onset AD differs from late-onset AD in genetic patterns.

Early-Onset vs. Late-Onset AD

Often, a dominant gene is responsible for early-onset AD.
Genetic mutations occur when genes are copied incorrectly.
Dominant genes express their effects (phenotype) even if only one copy is mutant.
Recessive genes only express their effects if both copies of the gene are faulty. Individuals with one faulty copy are carriers.
Familial AD follows a unique pattern and is linked to mutations in three specific genes.
Inheritance of a mutant gene from either parent results in early-onset AD.
The chance of inheriting a mutant gene from one parent is 50%, resulting in a 50% chance of developing early AD.

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Description

Explore the genetic components of Alzheimer's Disease, focusing on familial and sporadic cases. This quiz highlights key differences in early-onset and late-onset AD, including the role of dominant and recessive genes. Test your knowledge on how mutations affect the development of this complex disease.