Genes and Mental Disorders
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According to the text, which of the following is NOT a physical characteristic that is influenced by our genetic makeup?

  • Height (correct)
  • Colour of eyes
  • Pigmentation of the skin
  • Straight or curly hair

    • According to the text, which of the following is true about characteristics and differences that emerge later in life?

  • They are the product of maturation (correct)
  • They are determined by genetics
  • They are a result of nurture
  • They are influenced by exposure and learning

    • According to the text, extreme nativists believe that individual differences are due to:

  • Environmental factors
  • Exposure and learning
  • Unique genetic code (correct)
  • Maturation

    • According to the text, extreme environmentalists believe that characteristics and differences that emerge through infancy and childhood are the result of:

    <p>Exposure and learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, Bandura's social learning theory states that aggression is learned from the environment through:

    <p>Observation and imitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, Skinner believed that language is learned from other people via:

    <p>Exposure and learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, most psychological researchers are interested in investigating the ways in which nature and nurture:

    <p>Interact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: Complex issues can be systematically organized for preventive programs.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: No one theory of human development is universally accepted.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Vygotsky's sociocultural theory focused on?

    <p>Emphasis on social interaction in development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)?

    <p>The distance between the actual developmental level and the level of potential development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Vygotsky, how can skills and strategies be developed?

    <p>Through interaction with peers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature versus nurture debate in psychology concerned with?

    <p>The extent to which behavior is influenced by genetics or acquired characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: Simple physical characteristics, such as height, are almost totally determined by genetics.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factors are required for a mental disorder to develop, according to psychopathology?

    <p>A genetic predisposition and an appropriate environmental trigger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are teratogens?

    <p>Agents that can cause birth defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors influence the effect of teratogens?

    <p>Timing of exposure, intensity and duration of exposure, number of other harmful influences, and biogenic vulnerability of mother and baby</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which environmental factors are harmful to prenatal development?

    <p>Age of mothers, domestic violence, weight gain, cigarettes, alcohol, drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can the mother do to ensure the well-being of the fetus?

    <p>Know the risk factors, rest, exercise, personal hygiene, effective use of the health care system, prenatal care, and diet and nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must recessive genes be paired with in order to be expressed?

    <p>Another recessive gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In genetics, what is the term for alternate genetic forms that can produce alternative expressions of a characteristic?

    <p>Alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a major medication used during childbirth that has no reported negative effects on the baby?

    <p>Spinal anesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Apgar scale?

    <p>To assess the overall health of newborns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: The brain controls an infant's states of sleep and wakefulness.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: Newborn infants sleep an average of 16 hours per day.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: With physical maturation, there is eventually less night time fussiness with infants.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Non-REM sleep?

    <p>A period of deep sleep with regular breathing and limper muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is REM sleep?

    <p>A period of active sleep with rapid eye movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: Newborn infants are able to see but lack visual acuity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: Infants show a preference for human faces.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

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