CH 4: Conventional energy sources and their impact on the environment

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Questions and Answers

What is the first step in generating electricity from coal?

  • Turning water into steam
  • Blowing the coal into boilers
  • Pulverizing the coal into a fine powder (correct)
  • Distributing electricity through power lines

What is a major drawback of building coal-fired power stations in South Africa?

  • Low environmental impact
  • Abundant geographical availability
  • Short construction duration
  • High construction cost (correct)

What propels the blades of a turbine in a coal-fired electricity generation process?

  • Water
  • Steam (correct)
  • Electric current
  • Coal dust

Which environmental issue is specifically associated with underground coal mining?

<p>Health risks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country has extensive coal reserves according to the text?

<p>South Africa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does coal combustion contribute to environmental problems?

<p>Producing CO2 and airborne particles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of coal combustion mentioned in the text?

<p>Emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What energy source releases high amounts of energy by converting water into steam?

<p>Nuclear energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does coal combustion lead to in terms of waste problems?

<p>Production of fly ash (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main aim of South Africa's 20-year energy plan?

<p>Diversify the energy mix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the burning coal generate in the boilers during electricity generation?

<p>Heat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does South Africa find it difficult to expand hydroelectric power?

<p>Dry climate limiting water resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT mentioned as a waste problem caused by coal combustion?

<p>Hydrogen gas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which energy source remains the most cost-effective choice according to Eskom?

<p>Coal power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What infrastructure advantage does South Africa have for coal-based electricity according to the text?

<p>Well-developed infrastructure for coal-based electricity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the electricity generated from coal do as explained in the text?

<p>Distributes electricity to consumers through power lines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of coal-fired power stations according to the text?

<p>Cost-Effectiveness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final product of the electricity generation process from coal?

<p>Electric current (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an advantage of coal-based electricity generation?

<p>Renewable Nature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of pulverizing coal into a fine powder in the electricity generation process?

<p>To facilitate combustion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a waste problem directly related to coal combustion mentioned in the text?

<p>Emission of sulfur and nitrogen oxides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives the blades of a turbine in a coal-fired electricity generation process?

<p>Steam (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is NOT typically released as a result of coal combustion?

<p>$H_2O$ (Water Vapor) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable disadvantage associated with coal combustion in terms of waste management?

<p>Radioactive elements release (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is primarily responsible for turning water into steam during coal-fired electricity generation?

<p>$C$ (Carbon) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Fly ash' is a waste problem associated with which stage of coal-fired electricity generation?

<p><strong>Boiler Combustion</strong> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of coal-fired power stations mentioned in the text?

<p>Renewable Energy Source (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant environmental impact of coal mining mentioned in the text?

<p>Landscape alteration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does coal combustion contribute to acid rain according to the text?

<p>Generation of sulfuric acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key limitation for South Africa's hydroelectric power expansion?

<p>Geographical restrictions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which energy source is being explored by Eskom for South Africa's energy needs diversification?

<p>Gas turbine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant consequence of coal combustion in terms of environmental and health problems?

<p>Release of airborne particles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the construction of coal-fired power stations considered a costly process?

<p>Limitation in geographical locations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of South Africa's 20-year energy plan as mentioned in the text?

<p>Increase nuclear power to 14% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is nuclear energy considered an important part of South Africa's energy mix?

<p>To diversify energy sources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is primarily produced through the interaction of water with sulfur-bearing rocks during coal combustion?

<p>Sulfuric acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the local pollution issues exacerbated by clustering power stations in Mpumalanga?

<p>Acid rain concentration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of coal combustion in electricity generation?

<p>To heat water and turn it into steam (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental impact is directly associated with coal combustion?

<p>Emissions of heavy metals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of waste problems related to coal combustion?

<p>Interaction with sulfur-bearing rocks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect makes coal-fired power stations stand out for electricity generation?

<p>Reliability in power generation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which energy source is considered most economical for generating electricity according to the text?

<p>Coal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable disadvantage of coal combustion in terms of waste problems?

<p>Emissions of organic compounds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is coal combustion a significant concern for environmentalists?

<p>As it results in emissions of greenhouse gases and heavy metals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor limits the siting of power stations in South Africa according to the text?

<p>Geographical Limitations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a significant environmental impact of coal mining highlighted in the text?

<p>Water Scarcity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In South Africa, what percentage of the energy mix is planned to be nuclear by 2030?

<p>14% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of South Africa's 20-year energy plan as mentioned in the text?

<p>Develop a Sustainable Electricity Investment Strategy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element, released during coal combustion, contributes to acid rain concentration in Mpumalanga?

<p>$SO_2$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key reason for the limitation of hydroelectric power expansion in South Africa?

<p>Lack of Suitable Sites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which energy source is being explored by Eskom to diversify South Africa's energy needs?

<p>Wind Power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant consequence of coal combustion in terms of health problems?

<p>$SO_2$ Exposure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the air pollution caused by coal combustion according to the text?

<p>Airborne Particles and $SO_2$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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