General Study Notes Quiz

A framework that distinguishes between "civic" (Western) and "ethnic" (Eastern) nationalism, often associated with a focus on shared values and citizenship versus shared ethnicity and heritage, respectively.

The idea that Eastern Europe is inherently prone to ethnic nationalism and backwardness, often rooted in colonial discourse and used to justify Western intervention.

The use of a dichotomy, often in a simplistic and biased manner, to reinforce a sense of superiority by the group making the distinction and to justify their actions.

The practice of applying a double standard, often by Western powers, where Eastern European nations are held to higher standards of minority protection and governance than Western nations.

The idea that Eastern European nations are less developed than Western nations in terms of political maturity, cultural advancement, and modernity.

A way of managing heritage that emphasizes the voices and perspectives of local communities. It involves empowering people to shape how their heritage is preserved and used.

An approach to heritage that prioritizes top-down control. This often involves government or international organizations shaping the narrative and practices surrounding heritage.

A shared understanding of heritage that emphasizes common historical experiences, cultural values, and ideals. It often aims to build unity and identity within a larger group, such as a nation or continent.

When memory is constructed and interpreted based on the ideas and actions of official institutions, like government agencies and international organizations. This often involves shaping public understanding of heritage.

When memory is formed through personal experiences, shared stories, and collective understandings within communities. It highlights the subjective and lived experience of heritage.

A way of strengthening local communities by giving them power and resources to manage and benefit from their heritage.

A process of allowing diverse voices, stories, and interpretations to become part of the historical understanding of heritage. It challenges traditional narratives and encourages inclusivity.

A concept that acknowledges the inherent tension and conflict within heritage, arising from different perspectives, historical uses, and present values.

The process of actively engaging with the past and its meanings in the present, shaping our understanding of history.

The act of choosing what aspects of the past we prioritize and preserve for future generations.

The individual and shared experiences, often forgotten or distorted, that influence how we understand the past.

The tension and conflict stemming from vastly different perspectives on European integration, driven by factors like migration, nationalism, and historical trauma.

The deliberate manipulation or control of historical narratives for political purposes.

The process by which societies grapple with past traumas and the resulting impact on contemporary identities.

The influence of heritage and memory on shaping individual and collective senses of identity.

The way society uses language and communication to perpetuate or redefine historical meanings.

A group of people identified by shared myths of ancestry, common history, culture, connection to a specific territory, and a sense of solidarity.

The process of shaping and developing nations, involving a sense of belonging to a nation, its symbols, and social and political movements.

The belief that political entities should align with cultural units, meaning that a nation should correspond to a specific culture.

A way to study national identity through the analysis and use of national symbols, such as flags or monuments.

A group's shared understanding and interpretation of symbols, which contributes to a sense of shared values and identity.

Focuses on how shared cultural identities, particularly those rooted in ethnicity (ethnies), contribute to the formation of modern nations.

The idea that language influences a person's perception of reality. Individuals perceive the world through the lens of their native language.

A process in which an ethnie becomes incorporated into a larger nation through administrative and bureaucratic means.

A process where an ethnie mobilizes through a shared language, promoting its cultural identity and strengthening its national aspirations.

A process where immigrant groups form a national identity through shared experiences, cultural interactions, and the development of a distinct national character.

The idea that nationalism emerged primarily as a consequence of modernization processes, particularly industrialization and the rise of mass education.

Argues that nationalism is a product of modernization, with industrialization and mass education playing crucial roles in creating a sense of shared national identity.

The process by which traditional ways of life and social structures are replaced by modern ones, often driven by industrialization and technological advancements.

A theory that explains social phenomena, including nationalism, based on their functions or roles within a society.

The deliberate process of constructing or reinforcing traditions, symbols, and myths to create a sense of shared national identity and legitimize a nation.

A theory that links nationalism to anti-colonial movements and the socio-economic struggles of peripheral nations.

A political movement aimed at achieving or exercising state power based on a national identity.

A perspective that emphasizes the pre-existing cultural or ethnic factors that contribute to the emergence of nationalism.

The use of language, particularly standardized language, as a unifying force in the creation of national identity.

The spread of education, particularly mass education, plays a crucial role in promoting national consciousness and providing a shared cultural foundation.