General Study Notes Quiz

A curved triangular structure that allows a dome to be placed atop a square building, providing stability and support.

The direction a building faces, often significant for religious purposes.

The open central space in a church or basilica, typically surrounded by side aisles and columns.

A special prayer niche in a mosque that points towards Mecca, the direction Muslims face when praying.

One of the 12 apostles, known for his role in Christianity.

Small blocks of glass or stone used to create mosaics.

A prevalent motif in Mayan art, symbolizing connection between the earthly, cosmic, and underworld realms.

A method of constructing stable stone structures without cement or adhesive, by precisely fitting stones together.

A knotted string system used by the Inca to record information and keep track of things across their empire.

A ritual vessel from the Chancay Valley, used in the first planting of corn.

Decorative tiles woven onto clothing, often featuring intricate designs.

A tunic-like garment worn by men, often featuring woven Tocapu designs.

A type of Unku featuring woven Tocapu with various patterns, representing different roles and responsibilities in society.

An architectural element found on mosques, often constructed from reused Roman columns, used to call Muslims to prayer.

A sacred space for Muslim prayer and rituals characterized by open courtyards and the presence of holy texts. Although Muslims believe God's presence is not limited to the mosque.

The belief in a single God, Allah, with Muhammad being his prophet.

A sacred site for Jews featuring frescoes depicting scenes from the Hebrew Bible, conveying narratives and stories through visual symbols.

A monotheistic religion developed among the ancient Hebrews, characterized by a single God who revealed himself to Hebrew prophets.

A sacred structure originally used for civic practices and duties in ancient Rome, which was later converted into Christian churches.

An early Christian church built on a Roman site, incorporating mosaics with devotional imagery, including Christ and saints, transforming it from a civic site to a sacred one.

An ancient Roman site that was reused by Christians for their church. The building's orientation was flipped, with the apse at the west end, featuring mosaics depicting Christ and devotional imagery related to Saint Peter.

A Jewish sacred space used for ritual and prayer. It typically includes a synagogue proper and a courtyard, and it avoids religious iconography according to the commandment prohibiting carved images of heavenly scenes.

A synagogue in Dura Europos with frescoes depicting biblical scenes, including heavenly imagery. This contradicts the traditional prohibition against images in Jewish spaces.

The first Jewish temple in Jerusalem, a significant site of worship destroyed and later becoming a symbol of Jewish religion and the importance of worship.

A specific space within a synagogue designed to hold the Torah, often decorated with religious symbols like the Temple of Solomon and the Menorah.

A horizontal arm that crosses through a church, forming a cross shape, highlighting the central beliefs of Christianity.

A book structure with pages bound together on one end, a convenient way to access specific pages, replacing scrolls.

A representation of the cross adorned with the figure of Christ, signifying his suffering for humankind.

A type of manuscript richly decorated with ornaments and calligraphy, often featuring miniature illustrations.

A journey to a sacred place, often undertaken for religious reasons or personal growth.

An object associated with a deceased person of sanctity, treated with reverence and kept as a holy symbol, often housed in a container.

A container designed to hold a relic.

A style of architecture prevalent in medieval Europe, incorporating elements of Roman architecture, featuring barrel vaults, thick walls, and rounded arches.

A form of presenting text that requires unrolling the entire scroll to access any specific portion, offering a complete view but requiring effort for specific sections.

The holy book of Christianity, divided into the Old and New Testament.

Small marble sculptures depicting biblical scenes or figures, common in early Christianity.

A former Greek empire that became the capital of the Roman Empire under Constantine, known for its fusion of traditions and syncretism.

Artwork from the Byzantine period, characterized by naturalism and symbolism, often depicting divine figures with a strong focus on their iconography.

Underground burial chambers common in the Roman Empire, used for accommodating the dead, particularly containing horizontal openings filled with bodies.

A type of religious gesture where one stands arms open and facing upwards in prayer, a gesture adopted by early Christians.

The religion centered around the teachings of Jesus Christ, focusing on the Holy Trinity (God, Christ, and the Holy Spirit).

A figure in both the Old and New Testaments, identified as a symbol of Christ’s care for his followers in the New Testament.

A devotional image or representation of a sacred person or event, believed to connect with its subject.

Art created by or for Muslims that draws inspiration from Islamic art techniques and styles but isn't explicitly religious.

The holy book of Islam, containing the words believed to be revealed by Allah.

The merging of different cultures, religions, and belief systems, resulting in shared beliefs and practices.

Mosaics created in the Byzantine era, known for their vibrant colors and use of glass fragments. A famous example is the Good Shepherd Mosaic at Ravenna, Italy.

A page from the Quran, typically featuring ornate calligraphy, decorative borders, and text arranged for aesthetic and religious significance.

The central holy figure in Christian faith, depicted in numerous Byzantine icons.

The process of making sacred images, often associated with Byzantine art and religion.

The use of naturalism in art, aiming for a realistic representation of subjects.

A combination of different artistic styles, often seen in Islamicate and Byzantine artwork.

Decorative elements in Islamic artwork, often used in Islamicate and Qur’an pages.

The writing style used in the Qur’an , often characterized by its elegance and beauty.

The emphasis on the importance and holiness of the text in Islamic art and architecture.

The belief that icons could act as a portal or connection to the divine image they represent.

The use of uneven eyes in Byzantine icons, creating a devotional context and a sense of the divine's presence.

The gesture of holding a book of scripture in Byzantine icons, often associated with Christ and represents his teachings.

The use of a specific light source in Byzantine icons, often emphasizing the divine nature of the subject.

The reuse of an old Roman site by Christians for a church, where the orientation was flipped, placing the apse at the West end, a space containing mosaics of Christ and devotional imagery.

A monotheistic religion built around Allah as the singular God and Muhammad as his prophet.

The reuse of a building from one religion for another, where the building itself did not affect the belief or practice.

The open central space of a basilica or church, usually surrounded by side aisles and columns.

The orientation of a building, particularly its direction of prayer, is crucial in religious architecture. Different religions may have different directions of prayer, but the orientation is consistently significant.

A curved, triangular structure that allows a dome to be placed on top of a square building, providing stability and support.

A decorative prayer niche in a mosque that points towards Mecca, the direction Muslims face when praying.

In converting prior religious sites into mosques, the orientation is often flipped, and apses (areas with arches) are converted into Mihrabs, which face towards Mecca, directing prayer within the mosque.