anti-hypertensive drugs Q1

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Questions and Answers

how would we generally reduce BP?

as BP=CO*PVR. reduce PVR. reduce CO by -chronotropes/-inrotropes, and decrease blood volume.

the function of ACE (angiotensin enzyme inhibitor)

converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II (play a role in increasing BP). breaks down pro-inflammatory bradykinin.

how can ACEIs (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor reduce BP).

reduce peripheral resistance and cardiac load. and they are non- peptide (orally active drugs)

name 2 drugs of ACEIs and list their adverse effects. *hint, they end with (-pril)

ramipril, lisinopril. drug cough (bradykinin). angioedema (bradykinin). Hyperkalaemia (aldosterone inhibition). Teratogenic. Signup and view all the answers

describe the action of ARBs (angiotensin receptor blockers)

they block angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT1). they r alternatives to ACEIs (when patient resistant). similar adverse effects to ACEIs but (nor dry cough). Signup and view all the answers

name 2 drugs of ARBs. * hint; end with (sartan).

losartan, candesartan. Signup and view all the answers

the effect of (B1+B2) receptor antagonism on hypertension.

negative chrono and inotropic effect ( reduce contraction and rate in heart). Signup and view all the answers

the effect of B2 receptor antagonism?

vascular smooth muscle (constriction). Signup and view all the answers

the effect of b1 receptor antagonism in kidney

decrease renin release > decrease angiotensin. Signup and view all the answers

general effects of beta blockers in hypertension?

decrease cardiac output. transient increase in PVR. long-term decrease in PVR. Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Reducing Blood Pressure (BP)

Reducing blood pressure involves lowering Peripheral Vascular Resistance (PVR) and/or Cardiac Output (CO).

ACE (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme) Function

ACE converts Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II, a substance that raises blood pressure. It also breaks down bradykinin, a pro-inflammatory substance.

ACEIs (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors) BP reduction

ACEIs lower blood pressure by reducing peripheral resistance and cardiac load, making them orally active drugs.

2 ACEI drugs & Adverse Effects

Ramipril and Lisinopril are two examples. Possible side effects include a cough, swelling (angioedema), increased potassium levels (hyperkalemia), and possible harm to a fetus (teratogenic).

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