General Physiology: Neurons and Action Potential

<p>No action potential can occur, regardless of the stimulus strength. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It involves the jumping of action potentials between nodes of Ranvier. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Voluntary motor control and higher intellectual processes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerebellum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gray matter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inferior colliculi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Control of autonomic functions like heart rate and breathing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parietal Lobe (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Control subconscious contractions of skeletal muscles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cingulate gyrus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relaying sensory and motor signals between brain regions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emotional regulation and memory processing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Visual perception and coordination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basal nuclei (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulation of circadian rhythms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They form myelin sheaths around axons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has many dendrites and an axon. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They transmit impulses from receptors to the CNS. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Astrocytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Axon diameter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is constant under resting conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Association neurons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They form myelin sheaths around peripheral axons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Axons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Specialized nerve cells responsible for transmitting electrical impulses throughout the body.

The central part of the neuron containing the nucleus and other organelles.

Branch-like extensions that receive impulses from other neurons and transmit them toward the cell body.

A long, slender extension that carries impulses away from the cell body and towards other neurons, muscles, or glands.

Have one single extension from the cell body that branches into an axon and a dendrite.

Have two extensions from the cell body: one axon and one dendrite.

Have multiple dendrites and one axon. The most common type of neuron in the human nervous system.

Carry sensory information from receptors (like skin, eyes, ears) to the central nervous system (CNS).

Relay impulses from the CNS to effectors (muscles or glands) to initiate a response.

Connect sensory and motor neurons within the CNS, allowing complex neural pathways and processing of information.

Specialised cells that support and protect neurons in the central nervous system (CNS).

Produce myelin sheaths around CNS axons, which speeds up signal transmission.

Immune cells that engulf and destroy foreign materials and debris in the brain and spinal cord.

Star-shaped cells that regulate the chemical environment around neurons and provide structural support.

Line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord, producing cerebrospinal fluid.

Specialised cells that support and protect neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Form myelin sheaths around axons in the PNS, increasing signal transmission speed.

Support the cell bodies of neurons located in ganglia of the PNS.

The brain and spinal cord, which control and coordinate all bodily functions.

The network of nerves outside the CNS that connects it to the rest of the body.

A bundle of axons outside the CNS, typically containing both sensory and motor fibers.

A collection of neuron cell bodies located outside the CNS.

A collection of neuron cell bodies located within the CNS. 'Ganglia' but in the CNS.

A bundle of axons within the CNS that interconnect different brain regions.

The electrical potential difference across the cell membrane of a neuron when it is not transmitting an impulse.

A rapid change in membrane potential that travels down the axon of a neuron, transmitting a signal.

The degree of myelination (fatty sheath) around an axon affects how fast an impulse travels.

Larger diameter axons conduct impulses faster than thinner axons.

Temperature influences the speed of action potential propagation.

A period during which a neuron cannot fire another action potential, regardless of the strength of the stimulus.

A period during which a neuron can fire another action potential, but only with a stronger-than-normal stimulus.