GI Assessment
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GI Assessment

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Questions and Answers

What physical examination finding is most consistent with appendicitis when palpating McBurney's point?

  • Constant pain
  • Pain after release (correct)
  • Pain before release
  • No Pain

    • Listening for low or minimal sounds during auscultation indicates obstruction or constipation.

    True

    How far is McBurney's point located from the right iliac crest?

    3-5 cm

    Significant auscultation sounds may indicate __________ or obstruction.

    <p>diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the auscultation findings with their implications:

    <p>Popping sounds = Normal bowel function Silence = Obstruction or constipation Diarrhea sounds = Increased bowel activity Gashing sounds = Obstruction possibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'guarding position' indicate?

    <p>Severe pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rashes only indicate allergies.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four possible postures for a patient?

    <p>Supine, seated, semirecumbent, prone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    _________ staining is an indicator of smoking behaviors.

    <p>Tar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the medical signs with their meanings:

    <p>Finger clubbing = Knuckles and nails together Asterixis = Flapping tremor Rashes = Possible allergies Malnutrition = Inadequate nutrient intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT mentioned as a reason for visible masses or bruising?

    <p>Brain injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A person's work of breathing can be assessed by their ability to speak in uninterrupted phrases.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a general impression of extremis indicate?

    <p>A critical or unstable condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by a plethoric complexion?

    <p>Red rash on face</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Miosis refers to the dilation of pupils.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is indicated by oral candidiasis?

    <p>Immunosuppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ptosis is characterized by ______________ eyelids.

    <p>drooping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following symptoms with their descriptions:

    <p>Plethoric complexion = Red rash on face Ptosis = Drooping eyelids Miosis = Constricted pupils Oral candidiasis = Thrush</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common dental hygiene issue?

    <p>Bad teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Light palpation should not cause pain during an examination.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in abdominal palpation?

    <p>Four quadrants first (light palpation)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the 9 regions of the abdomen.

    <p>Right hypochondriac, Epigastric, Left hypochondriac, Right lumbar, Umbilical, Left lumbar, Right iliac, Hypogastric, Left iliac.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is located in the right hypochondriac region?

    <p>Liver, gallbladder, right kidney, small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is located in the epigastric region?

    <p>stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, spleen, adrenal glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The spleen, colon, left kidney and pancreas are located in the left hypochondriac region.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is located in the right lumbar region?

    <p>Gallbladder, liver and right colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The (blank), (blank) and (blank) can be found in the umbilical region.

    <p>The umbilicus, small intestine and duodenum can be found in the umbilical region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Each region contains what:

    <p>Left lumbar region = Descending colon, left kidney Right iliac region = Appendix, cecum Hypogastric region = Urinary bladder, sigmoid colon, female reproductive organs Left iliac region = Descending and sigmoid colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    General Impression

    • Assess patient positioning - supine, seated, semirecumbant or prone
    • Observe work of breathing - Speaking in words, short sentences or uninterrupted phrases
    • Determine stability - Is the patient in extremis or stable?
    • Identify guarding positions - Indicative of severe pain
    • Note any rashes - Potential for allergies
    • Check for malnutrition - Signs like weight loss, sunken eyes
    • Observe for pregnancy, ascites, or bloating - Visible organ enlargement
    • Look for scarring or surgical scars - Past medical history
    • Identify obvious masses or bruising - Possible recent injury or trauma

    Hands

    • Examine hands for tar staining - Indicative of smoking behavior
    • Observe fingers for clubbing - Knuckles and nails appear together
    • Assess for asterixis (flapping tremor) - Hands fall forward when outstretched

    Face

    • Observe for plethoric complexion - Red rash on the face
    • Check for ptosis - Drooping eyelids
    • Examine pupils for miosis - Constricting pupils
    • Look for conjunctival pallor - White in the lower eyelid
    • Note oral candidiasis (thrush) - Possible immunosuppression
    • Assess dental hygiene - Signs of tooth decay

    Abdomen

    • Palpate the abdomen - Apply light pressure to the four quadrants, followed by deep palpation to the nine regions
    • Note any pain on light palpation - Do not continue palpation if pain is present
    • Assess McBurney's point - Locate 3-5cm from the right iliac crest, push down and release, pain after release signifies appendicitis
    • Auscultate the abdomen - Listen for popping, gashing or wooing sounds
    • Identify low/minimal sounds or silence - Potential obstruction or constipation
    • Listen for significant sounds - Potential diarrhea or obstruction

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on assessing patients through various physical examination techniques. This quiz covers key observations such as patient positioning, respiratory effort, signs of pain, and facial indicators. Enhance your understanding of critical signs that can impact patient care.

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