Gastrointestinal Examination PDF
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Uploaded by VividSodalite1917
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Summary
This document provides a guide for gastroenterological examination and covers different aspects such as observation, posture, and palpation procedures. It describes the steps necessary to perform a complete examination.
Full Transcript
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | WIPE | Wash hands, Introduce yourself | | | and gain consent, Position | | | patient, expose | +===...
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | WIPE | Wash hands, Introduce yourself | | | and gain consent, Position | | | patient, expose | +===================================+===================================+ | General Impression | - Posture = supine, seated, | | | semirecumbant or prone | | | | | | - Work of breathing = speaking | | | in words, short sentences or | | | uninterrupted phrases | | | | | | - Extremis or stable | | | | | | - Guarding position = severe | | | pain | | | | | | - Rashes = allergies | | | | | | - Malnutrition | | | | | | - Pregnancy, ascites, bloating | | | | | | - Scarring or surgical scars | | | | | | - Obvious masses or bruising | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Hands | - Tar staining = smoking | | | behaviours | | | | | | - Finger clubbing = knuckles | | | and nails together | | | | | | - Asterixis (flapping tremor) = | | | hands falling forward when | | | outstretched | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Face | - Plethoric complexion = red | | | rash on face | | | | | | - Ptosis = drooping eyelids | | | | | | - Miosis = constricting pupils | | | | | | - Conjunctival pallor = white | | | in lower lid | | | | | | - Oral candidiasis = thrush = | | | immunosuppression | | | | | | - Dental hygiene = bad teeth | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Neck | N/A | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Arms | - Pulse rate | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Chest | N/A | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Abdomen | Palpation: | | | | | | - Four quadrants first (light | | | palpation) and then the 9 | | | regions (deep palpation) | | | | | | - Pain on light palpation = no | | | more palpation | | | | | | - McBurney's point = 3-5cm from | | | right iliac crest = push down | | | and release = pain after | | | release = appendicitis | | | | | | Auscultation: | | | | | | - Listening for popping, | | | gashing or wooing sounds | | | | | | - Low/minimal sounds or silence | | | = obstruction or constipation | | | | | | - Significant sounds = diarrhea | | | or obstruction | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Back | N/A | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Legs | N/A | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
