12 Questions
What is the principal mechanism of vascular disease characterized by narrowing or complete obstruction of vessel lumina?
Atherosclerosis
In blood vessels, which layer primarily consists of smooth muscle cells and extracellular matrix (ECM)?
Media
Which type of blood vessel is mainly affected by atherosclerosis?
Large muscular arteries
What is the function of large elastic arteries such as the aorta and pulmonary arteries?
Storing energy during systole and recoil during diastole
What is the predominant structure of medium-sized muscular arteries like the coronary and renal arteries?
Smooth muscle cells
Which blood vessels play a key role in regulating blood flow resistance and have a significant impact on blood pressure due to diameter changes?
Arterioles
What is the primary function of capillaries in the circulatory system?
Facilitating rapid exchange of diffusible substances between blood and tissue
What are veins adapted for due to their larger diameters, lumina, and thinner walls compared to arteries?
Facilitating rapid exchange of diffusible substances between blood and tissue
What separates the intima from the media in blood vessel walls?
Internal elastic lamina
What type of vessels receive nutrients from vasa vasorum in the adventitia?
Large and medium-sized vessels
What is the most common mechanism leading to weakening of vessel walls in vascular diseases?
Atherosclerosis
What causes selective involvement of vessels of specific calibers in vasculitis?
Inflammation and immune response
Test your understanding of causes and implications of vascular maladies in medicine, including narrowing, obstruction, and weakening of blood vessels. Explore the central importance of vascular diseases and their impact on arterial and venous systems.
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