Podcast
Questions and Answers
What did the child's mother use to boil the potatoes, eggs, and coffee beans?
What did the child's mother use to boil the potatoes, eggs, and coffee beans?
Water
What was the child's emotional state at the beginning of the story?
What was the child's emotional state at the beginning of the story?
- Happy
- Distressed (correct)
- Excited
- Calm
The child's mother was a chef de partie.
The child's mother was a chef de partie.
True (A)
The child's mother asked him to touch the ______ after they were boiled.
The child's mother asked him to touch the ______ after they were boiled.
What was the state of the egg after it was boiled?
What was the state of the egg after it was boiled?
Match the items with their corresponding states after boiling:
Match the items with their corresponding states after boiling:
What does the child's mother's actions in the kitchen symbolize?
What does the child's mother's actions in the kitchen symbolize?
The story primarily focuses on scientific principles related to the boiling process.
The story primarily focuses on scientific principles related to the boiling process.
What are the three items mentioned in the story that react differently to boiling water?
What are the three items mentioned in the story that react differently to boiling water?
The story suggests that reacting to adversity in a positive way is like being the potato because it softens and becomes more malleable.
The story suggests that reacting to adversity in a positive way is like being the potato because it softens and becomes more malleable.
What is the main lesson or moral of the story?
What is the main lesson or moral of the story?
The story compares the boiling water to the ______ that life throws at us.
The story compares the boiling water to the ______ that life throws at us.
Match the items with their reactions to boiling water:
Match the items with their reactions to boiling water:
Which of these is NOT a way to express the amount of solute present in a solution?
Which of these is NOT a way to express the amount of solute present in a solution?
A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that chemically combine to form a new compound.
A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that chemically combine to form a new compound.
What concept does the story introduce about the reaction of ground coffee beans in boiling water, in relation to chemistry?
What concept does the story introduce about the reaction of ground coffee beans in boiling water, in relation to chemistry?
The molality of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute per ______ of solvent.
The molality of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute per ______ of solvent.
In preparing the ethanol-water solution, what is the mass of ethanol needed to prepare 100.0 mL of the solution?
In preparing the ethanol-water solution, what is the mass of ethanol needed to prepare 100.0 mL of the solution?
Calculate the volume percent of the ethanol-water solution.
Calculate the volume percent of the ethanol-water solution.
The mole fraction of a component in a solution is the ratio of the ______ of that component to the total moles of all components in the solution.
The mole fraction of a component in a solution is the ratio of the ______ of that component to the total moles of all components in the solution.
The molality of a solution is independent of temperature.
The molality of a solution is independent of temperature.
Match the concentration units with their corresponding definitions:
Match the concentration units with their corresponding definitions:
What is alcohol proof a measure of?
What is alcohol proof a measure of?
A 70-proof whiskey contains 70% alcohol by volume.
A 70-proof whiskey contains 70% alcohol by volume.
Which of the following is NOT a common unit of concentration?
Which of the following is NOT a common unit of concentration?
What is the molarity of a solution containing 12.6 grams of HNO3 in 1.0-liter solution?
What is the molarity of a solution containing 12.6 grams of HNO3 in 1.0-liter solution?
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
What is the mole fraction of ethanol (C2H5OH) in a solution prepared by mixing 1.00 g ethanol with 100.0 g water?
What is the mole fraction of ethanol (C2H5OH) in a solution prepared by mixing 1.00 g ethanol with 100.0 g water?
What is the mass percent of ethanol in a solution prepared by mixing 1.00 g ethanol with 100.0 g water?
What is the mass percent of ethanol in a solution prepared by mixing 1.00 g ethanol with 100.0 g water?
The intoxicating agent in Christmas wines is ______.
The intoxicating agent in Christmas wines is ______.
The mole fraction of a component in a solution is always less than 1.
The mole fraction of a component in a solution is always less than 1.
The unit of concentration that represents the mass of solute per mass of solution, expressed in parts per million (ppm), is called ______.
The unit of concentration that represents the mass of solute per mass of solution, expressed in parts per million (ppm), is called ______.
Molarity is defined as the amount of solute in moles per liter of solution.
Molarity is defined as the amount of solute in moles per liter of solution.
Which of the following units of concentration is NOT volume-based?
Which of the following units of concentration is NOT volume-based?
Match the following concentration units with their corresponding definitions.
Match the following concentration units with their corresponding definitions.
What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 25.0 g of NaCl in enough water to make 500.0 mL of solution?
What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 25.0 g of NaCl in enough water to make 500.0 mL of solution?
What is the correct unit for molality?
What is the correct unit for molality?
Calcium chloride (CaCl2) is used as a drying and dehumidifying agent. If you dissolve 50.0 g of CaCl2 in 400.0 g of water, the molality of the solution will be ______ m.
Calcium chloride (CaCl2) is used as a drying and dehumidifying agent. If you dissolve 50.0 g of CaCl2 in 400.0 g of water, the molality of the solution will be ______ m.
The concentration unit ppm (m/m) is more suitable for expressing the concentration of trace amounts of substances in a solution compared to molarity.
The concentration unit ppm (m/m) is more suitable for expressing the concentration of trace amounts of substances in a solution compared to molarity.
Describe the difference between molarity and molality.
Describe the difference between molarity and molality.
What is the concentration of calcium ions (Ca2+) in a pill weighing 3.50 g, containing 40.5 mg of Ca2+, expressed in ppm (m/m)?
What is the concentration of calcium ions (Ca2+) in a pill weighing 3.50 g, containing 40.5 mg of Ca2+, expressed in ppm (m/m)?
Which of the following is NOT a way to express the concentration of a solution?
Which of the following is NOT a way to express the concentration of a solution?
A solution with a higher molarity has a higher concentration of solute than a solution with a lower molarity.
A solution with a higher molarity has a higher concentration of solute than a solution with a lower molarity.
What is the difference between molarity and molality?
What is the difference between molarity and molality?
The ______ of a solution is a measure of its concentration.
The ______ of a solution is a measure of its concentration.
Match the following concentration units with their descriptions:
Match the following concentration units with their descriptions:
Which of the following is a good way to prepare a 0.5 M solution of CaCO3?
Which of the following is a good way to prepare a 0.5 M solution of CaCO3?
A solution with a mole fraction of 0.25 for the solute has a higher concentration than a solution with a mole fraction of 0.10 for the solute.
A solution with a mole fraction of 0.25 for the solute has a higher concentration than a solution with a mole fraction of 0.10 for the solute.
What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of NaCl in enough water to make 250 mL of solution?
What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of NaCl in enough water to make 250 mL of solution?
The ______ is often used to express the concentration of alcoholic beverages.
The ______ is often used to express the concentration of alcoholic beverages.
Match the following solutions with their concentrations:
Match the following solutions with their concentrations:
Flashcards
Potato reaction
Potato reaction
A metaphor for people who become weak under adversity, similar to how a potato softens in boiling water.
Egg reaction
Egg reaction
A metaphor for those who harden emotionally under pressure, like how an egg solidifies when boiled.
Coffee bean reaction
Coffee bean reaction
A metaphor for those who transform adversity into something positive, like coffee beans creating a new flavor in hot water.
Adaptive response
Adaptive response
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Adversity
Adversity
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Solution vs Mixture
Solution vs Mixture
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Solute
Solute
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Concentration units
Concentration units
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Concentration of Solutions
Concentration of Solutions
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Molarity
Molarity
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Molality
Molality
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Mole Fraction
Mole Fraction
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Percent Concentration
Percent Concentration
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PPM
PPM
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PPB
PPB
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Proof
Proof
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Mass of Solute (ppm)
Mass of Solute (ppm)
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Molarity (M)
Molarity (M)
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Molality (m)
Molality (m)
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Converting grams to moles
Converting grams to moles
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Calculating Molarity Example
Calculating Molarity Example
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Molar Mass of NH4Cl
Molar Mass of NH4Cl
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Kilograms to Moles for Molality
Kilograms to Moles for Molality
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ppm Calculation
ppm Calculation
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Concentration Unit Differences
Concentration Unit Differences
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Calcium Chloride in Solutions
Calcium Chloride in Solutions
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Mass percent
Mass percent
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Volume percent
Volume percent
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Moles of C3H7OH
Moles of C3H7OH
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Moles of H2O
Moles of H2O
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Mole fraction (X)
Mole fraction (X)
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X of C3H7OH
X of C3H7OH
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X of H2O
X of H2O
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Alcohol proof
Alcohol proof
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Solution preparation
Solution preparation
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Percent by Mass
Percent by Mass
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Percent by Volume
Percent by Volume
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Percent by Mass/Volume
Percent by Mass/Volume
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Parts per Million (ppm)
Parts per Million (ppm)
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Calculation of Molarity
Calculation of Molarity
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Mass Percent Calculation
Mass Percent Calculation
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Understanding Dilution
Understanding Dilution
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Study Notes
General Inorganic Chemistry - Solutions - Expression of Concentration
- Tasks: Students must learn to express solution concentration using molarity, molality, mole fraction, percent concentration, ppm, ppb, and proof.
The Parable of Potatoes, Eggs, and Coffee Beans
- A child was upset during quarantine and his mother took him to the kitchen.
- She demonstrated how potatoes, eggs, and coffee beans reacted differently when put in boiling water.
- Potatoes softened
- Eggs hardened
- Coffee changed the water.
- The mother used the example to tell her son that different things respond differently to adversity and that they should adapt.
Qualitative Measures of Concentration
- Dilute vs Concentrated: Dilute solutions have less solute compared to concentrated solutions
- Saturation:
- Unsaturated: Contains less solute than it can dissolve.
- Saturated: Contains the greatest amount that can dissolve at a given temperature.
- Supersaturated: Contains more solute than it can dissolve at that temperature (unstable).
Quantitative Measures of Concentration
- Percent by Mass: Ratio of the mass of a solute to the total mass of the solution multiplied by 100%.
- For example, 1.61% by mass of KCl in a solution containing 0.892 g KCl in 54.6 g of water
- Percent by Volume: Ratio of the volume of a solute to the total volume of the solution multiplied by 100%.
- For example, 11.5% of alcohol in a 0.750L bottle of wine is 0.0863L of ethanol.
- Percent by Mass/Volume: The mass of a solute divided by the volume of solution and multiplied by 100%.
- For example, 10g Sodium chloride in 150ml of solution equals 6.7% m/v
Parts per Million (ppm) and Parts per Billion (ppb)
- ppm: One part of solute per million parts of solution used for extremely dilute solutions. Formula: ppm = (mass of solute / mass of solution) x 10^6
- ppb: One part of solute per billion parts of solution used for extremely dilute solutions. Formula: ppb = (mass of solute / mass of solution) x 10^9
Molarity (M)
- Molarity describes the moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution. For example, if 42.23 g of NH4Cl is dissolved in 500.0 mL of water, the molarity would be 1.579 M.
Molality (m)
- Molality expresses the moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent. For example, if 32.0 grams of CaCl2 are dissolved in 271 grams of water, the molality would be 1.06 m of CaCl2.
Mole Fraction
- Mole fraction is calculated by dividing the moles of a component by the total number of moles of all components in the mixture.
Proof
- A measure of the ethanol content in alcoholic beverages. Calculated by doubling the volume percentage of ethanol.
Non-Graded and Graded Assessments
- The provided text also contains several examples and calculations related to concentration expressed using various units. These examples are part of non-graded and graded assessment questions to practice concepts learned.
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