General Information Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What concept explains how previous policy decisions influence present and future healthcare reforms?

  • Incremental change
  • Path dependency (correct)
  • Accountable governance
  • System integration
  • The COVID-19 pandemic did not influence primary health care delivery in Canada.

    False

    Name one challenge posed by the rapid expansion of virtual visits during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Complicated traditional in-person interactions

    Path dependency makes radical healthcare reforms _______ due to political and financial costs.

    <p>difficult</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been favored in Canada regarding healthcare reforms due to institutional barriers?

    <p>Incremental small changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following aspects of health care with their descriptions:

    <p>EHRs = Electronic health records facilitating data management Team-based care = Collaborative approach to improve patient outcomes Integrated approaches = Holistic methods combining various health services Incremental changes = Gradual reforms rather than radical shifts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Professional and political ideologies tend to promote radical change in healthcare.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has the perception of health professionals shifted during the COVID-19 pandemic?

    <p>Towards integrated and digital approaches to care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the five characteristics of the TAPIC framework?

    <p>Sustainability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vertical equity means treating individuals with similar needs in the same manner.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Bismarck model primarily based on?

    <p>Social Health Insurance Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the TAPIC framework, one of the characteristics is __________, which involves holding parties responsible and monitoring their performance.

    <p>Accountability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following key features with their related concepts:

    <p>Horizontal equity = Treating people with the same needs the same Vertical equity = Treating people with different needs differently Progressive financing = Higher income individuals pay a larger percentage Bismarck model = Social Health Insurance Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary funding mechanism in the Bismarck model?

    <p>Employee and employer premiums</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Participation in the TAPIC framework refers to the need for stakeholders to be meaningfully engaged.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain how progressive financing contributes to economic inequality in healthcare systems.

    <p>It requires higher income individuals to pay a larger percentage of their income, which lessens financial inequities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of health expenditures grew faster than others from the mid 1990s to the 2010s?

    <p>Drug costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Health care spending in Canada has steadily increased as a percentage of GDP since the post-war era.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does aging have on health care spending in Canada?

    <p>Aging increases spending per individual, especially from ages 60-80, although the overall impact is small.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Spending on long term care has been growing since the _____.

    <p>1970s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Between which years was inflation-adjusted per capita healthcare spending notably increasing?

    <p>1997 to 2010</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The general inflation rate has had a larger impact on health care costs than population growth.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the phenomenon of decreasing costs of dying due to longer life expectancy?

    <p>Compression of morbidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of health expenditures with their definitions:

    <p>Hospital costs = Inpatient and outpatient care, emergency services, and specialized treatments Drug costs = Prescription medications, vaccines, and medical supplies Long term care = Services in nursing homes and residential care facilities Physician services = Consultations, surgeries, and specialized treatments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge posed by private financing in public health care systems?

    <p>Erosion of universal coverage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The 1995 Chaoulli decision allowed patients to purchase private insurance for services not covered by the Canada Health Act.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus of the 2021 Cambie decision?

    <p>The right of providers to bill both the government and patients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Private financing in health care systems leads to __________ access to essential medical services.

    <p>unequal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the roles of private financing with their definitions:

    <p>Complementary = Covers gaps like co-payments Substitutive = Replaces public coverage for specific patients Supplementary = Provides faster services with priority access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Supreme Court rule in the 1995 Chaoulli decision regarding the Quebec charter?

    <p>Violating the Quebec charter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major feature of a universal pharmacare system?

    <p>Universal access to necessary medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Cambie decision allowed the purchasing of private insurance to solve wait times for all patients.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Canada has universal drug coverage for all of its citizens.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been a significant barrier to accessing medications for Canadians?

    <p>Out of pocket costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way that private financing can exacerbate financial inequalities in health care?

    <p>Through out-of-pocket costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    John Stuart Mill’s harm principle states that governments should only intervene in people's freedoms to prevent _____ to others.

    <p>harm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the current Canadian pharmacare system?

    <p>It consists of 100+ provincial programs targeting specific demographics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason why universal pharmacare is considered cost-effective?

    <p>Centralized purchasing for price negotiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the concepts with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Vertical equity = Ensuring equal access regardless of social status Horizontal equity = Providing equal access for those in the same situation Out of pocket costs = Direct payments made by individuals for medications National drug formulary = A list of approved medications based on evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Canadians have had access to universal pharmacare since the 1990s.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary concerns of healthcare financing?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Private delivery of healthcare is primarily accountable to public officials.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of healthcare financing mechanisms on health system equity?

    <p>They influence the distribution of resources and financial burdens within the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Public delivery of healthcare is characterized by __________ ownership.

    <p>state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of financing mechanisms with their descriptions:

    <p>Progressive financing = Higher contributions from wealthier individuals or groups Regressive financing = Lower contributions from wealthier individuals while poorer pay a higher percentage Neutral financing = Equal financial contributions regardless of income Centralized financing = Funds managed by a single entity for distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes private healthcare delivery?

    <p>For-profit entities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Governance in health systems only influences the financial aspects of healthcare delivery.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the TAPIC model in health system governance?

    <p>A framework that addresses Transparency, Accountability, Participation, Integrity, and Cooperation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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    This quiz focuses on general information and knowledge across various topics. Test your understanding and ability to summarize essential information. It's perfect for anyone looking to assess their general knowledge skills.

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