30 Questions
What is the approximate temperature of the hottest layer of the Earth?
5000°C
What is the approximate radius of the solid inner core of the Earth?
760 miles
What is the main composition of the outer core of the Earth?
Nickel-iron alloy
What is the layer of the Earth's mantle that is relatively soft and has a low resistance to plastic flow?
Asthenosphere
What is the term used to describe the outermost layers of the Earth's structure, bounded by the atmosphere above and the asthenosphere below?
Lithosphere
What is the term used to describe the process of the Earth's landscapes constantly changing?
Dynamic planet
What type of climate is associated with a slow rate of weathering?
Arid
Which type of sediment has a larger surface area and therefore weathers at a faster rate?
Angular sediment
Which mineral is highly resistant to chemical and mechanical weathering?
Quartz
What feature of a rock influences the rate of weathering?
Distribution of joints
What is the shape of the slope of a river from its head to its mouth?
Concave
What is the term for the point where a river ends in a sea or lake?
Mouth
What is the definition of Geology?
The study of the Earth's structure, evolution, and dynamics
How do geologists contribute to civil engineering projects?
By assessing the stability of land and water patterns
What is the focus of Physical Geology?
Study of Earth's physical processes caused by natural agents
Which branch of geology deals with plate tectonics and Earth's movements?
Geotectonic
What does Crystallography focus on?
Study of crystals
In what way does geology contribute to civil engineering construction?
By examining rocks for minerals and water sources
What is the definition of a mineral?
A naturally occurring, homogenous solid, inorganically formed, having a definite chemical composition and ordered atomic arrangement
Why is the study of petrology important for civil engineering?
In selecting suitable rocks for building stones, road metals, etc.
How does attrition contribute to river erosion?
Eroded particles break into smaller pieces as they collide with each other
What is the focus of Structural Geology?
Analyzing the structures present in rocks
Which process uses weak carbonic acid to dissolve rock particles in rivers?
Corrosion (solution)
What is the main method by which river waves compress air in the cracks of rocks?
Hydraulic action
How are sedimentary rocks different from igneous and metamorphic rocks?
They are made up of layers of sediments or fragments of rocks
What is the term used for the fine particles of sand, silt, and clay that can remain suspended in the water?
Suspended load
In which branch of geology would you study the ancient remains of plants and animals?
Paleontology
What is the process involved when eroded particles scrape against the rock, removing small pieces?
Corrasion (abrasion)
Why is the study of crystallography necessary to recognize minerals?
To describe the atomic arrangement and structure of a mineral
Which physical process is NOT involved in the formation of river valleys according to the text?
Movement of air over the Earth's surface
Explore the fundamentals of geology, the branch of science dedicated to studying the Earth's structure, evolution, and dynamics. Learn about the significance of geology in civil engineering and its role in understanding the land.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
