General Embryology: Gametogenesis and Fertilization
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Questions and Answers

What process involves the conversion of germ cells into male and female gametes?

  • Mitotic division
  • Fertilization
  • Cytodifferentiation
  • Gametogenesis (correct)

Which structure is formed after the fertilization of the female gamete?

  • Germ cells
  • Sperm
  • Zygote (correct)
  • Yolk sac

How many homologous pairs of chromosomes are embedded in the DNA of an individual?

  • 23 pairs (correct)
  • 20 pairs
  • 25 pairs
  • 26 pairs

Which cells are genetically identical to the parent cell in the process of mitosis?

<p>Daughter cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of meiosis in gametogenesis?

<p>Reduce chromosome number (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At fertilization, what is the result in terms of chromosome number?

<p>Diploid number remains constant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Sertoli cells in the process of spermatogenesis?

<p>Support and nourish developing sperm cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells surround germ cells in the testis at birth?

<p>Follicular cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition characterized by very few sperm in the ejaculate?

<p>Oligozoospermia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of spermatogonia give rise to primary spermatocytes?

<p>Type A spermatogonia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of sustentacular cells in spermatogenesis?

<p>Support and protect developing sperm cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of meiosis are secondary spermatocytes formed?

<p>Meiosis II (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which syndrome is characterized by the absence of ovaries and is found only in women?

<p>Turner syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which trisomy is associated with a high incidence of leukemia, infections, thyroid dysfunction, and premature aging?

<p>Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chromosome abnormality leads to sterility, gynecomastia, and testicular atrophy, and is detected at puberty?

<p>Klinefelter syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which syndrome is characterized by upward slanting eyes, epicanthal folds, flat faces, cardiac defects, small ears, and hypotonia?

<p>Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is found only in males and may lead to possible mental retardation if the individual has a XXXY karyotype?

<p>Klinefelter syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which trisomy is associated with the characteristic features of microphthalmia, enophthalmia, and coloboma?

<p>Trisomy 13 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the stage when the Granulosa cells transform into Cumulus oophorus?

<p>Secondary Follicles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type changes into Granulosa cells during follicle maturation?

<p>Follicular cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of the polar body in the maturation and ovulation process?

<p>Undergoes Meiotic division II (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer forms coats to create Theca folliculi?

<p>Granulosa cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What marks the completion of Meiotic division II?

<p>Degeneration or apoptosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein component inactivates BMP-4 gene during organogenesis?

<p>Chardin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of somatic or parietal mesoderm?

<p>Develops into Amnion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which embryonic layer connects the Paraxial to the Lateral layer?

<p>Intermediate layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Vitelline duct represent in embryonic development?

<p>Connection between embryo and Yolk sac (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region undergoes enfolding and rapid longitudinal growth of the central nervous system?

<p>Cephalo–caudal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Homeobox Genes in embryonic development?

<p>Form endodermal germ layers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Allantois become in the embryo's development?

<p>Communicating stalk of the embryo (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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