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Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
What is the correct definition of internal energy of a system?
What is the correct definition of internal energy of a system?
- It is the difference of the kinetic energy and potential energy of all its components.
- It is the sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy of all its components. (correct)
- It is the sum of the heat energy and solar energy of all its components.
- It is the product of the kinetic energy and potential energy of all its components.
Which of the following quantities is NOT involved in enthalpy?
Which of the following quantities is NOT involved in enthalpy?
- Pressure (correct)
- Internal Energy
- Heat
- Volume
What is the best description of enthalpy?
What is the best description of enthalpy?
- A thermodynamic quantity that measures the flow of energy in a chemical reaction.
- A thermodynamic quantity that measures the chemical changes in a chemical reaction.
- A thermodynamic quantity that measures the acquired energy in a chemical reaction.
- A thermodynamic quantity that measures the energy changes in a chemical reaction. (correct)
Which of the following pairs of descriptions differentiates endothermic and exothermic reactions?
Which of the following pairs of descriptions differentiates endothermic and exothermic reactions?
What is the primary difference between internal energy and enthalpy?
What is the primary difference between internal energy and enthalpy?
Which of the following statements about energy transformations is TRUE?
Which of the following statements about energy transformations is TRUE?
What is the definition of enthalpy in a system?
What is the definition of enthalpy in a system?
What type of function is enthalpy?
What type of function is enthalpy?
What happens to the enthalpy of a system when heat flows from the system to its surroundings?
What happens to the enthalpy of a system when heat flows from the system to its surroundings?
What is the purpose of using enthalpy in chemical reactions?
What is the purpose of using enthalpy in chemical reactions?
What is the change in enthalpy represented by?
What is the change in enthalpy represented by?
What is the type of reaction when the enthalpy of a reaction is positive?
What is the type of reaction when the enthalpy of a reaction is positive?
What is the enthalpy change that accompanies the melting of 1 mol of a substance?
What is the enthalpy change that accompanies the melting of 1 mol of a substance?
What is the internal energy of a system?
What is the internal energy of a system?
Which of the following is a state function?
Which of the following is a state function?
What is the correct definition of a change in enthalpy?
What is the correct definition of a change in enthalpy?
What is the main difference between enthalpy and enthalpy of a reaction?
What is the main difference between enthalpy and enthalpy of a reaction?
What is the relation between enthalpy and internal energy?
What is the relation between enthalpy and internal energy?
Questions and Answers
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Study Notes
Study Notes
Understanding Enthalpy
- Enthalpy is a thermodynamic quantity used to measure energy changes in chemical reactions.
- It is defined as the sum of internal energy (U) and the product of pressure (P) and volume (V): H = U + PV.
- Enthalpy is a state function, meaning it only depends on the current state of a system and not on how it got there.
Internal Energy vs. Enthalpy
- Internal energy is the sum of kinetic energy (KE) and potential energy (PE) of all components in a system.
- Internal energy is related to enthalpy, but they are not the same thing.
Measuring Enthalpy Changes
- Enthalpy changes (ΔH) are measured in chemical reactions, and can be positive or negative.
- A negative enthalpy change indicates an exothermic reaction, where heat flows from the system to the surroundings.
- A positive enthalpy change indicates an endothermic reaction, where heat flows from the surroundings to the system.
Types of Enthalpy Changes
- The enthalpy change that accompanies the melting (fusion) of 1 mol of a substance is a specific type of enthalpy change.
- The enthalpy change that accompanies the vaporization of 1 mol of a substance is another specific type of enthalpy change.
Key Concepts
- Enthalpy is a state function, and changes in enthalpy can be measured in chemical reactions.
- Enthalpy is not the same as internal energy, but they are related.
- Enthalpy changes can be positive or negative, indicating endothermic or exothermic reactions.
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