General Biology 2 Quiz: Gas Exchange and Respiratory System

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

To regulate body temperature

To facilitate digestion and absorption of nutrients

To move oxygen into body tissues and remove carbon dioxide from cells (correct)

To produce sound and speech

What is the term for the process of moving air into and out of the lungs?

Pulmonary ventilation (correct)

Respiratory zone

External respiration

Conducting zone

What is the region of the pharynx where air and food pass through?

Trachea

Oropharynx and laryngopharynx (correct)

Laryngopharynx

Nasopharynx

What is the term for the exchange of gases between pulmonary blood and alveoli?

External respiration Signup and view all the answers

What is the specialized structure used for gas exchange in most terrestrial vertebrates?

Lungs Signup and view all the answers

What are the two zones of the respiratory system?

Respiratory zone and conducting zone Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the volume of the lungs on air pressure?

Air pressure decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the relaxed diaphragm?

Dome-shaped Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the pressure inside the lungs during inhalation?

Pressure decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the contraction of the diaphragm during breathing?

The thoracic volume increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of the elevation of the rib cage during breathing?

The thoracic volume increases Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the air during exhalation?

Air moves out due to increased pressure inside Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the diaphragm during inhalation?

To contract and depress the diaphragm, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles are responsible for elevating the ribs during inhalation?

Serratus anterior and scalene muscles Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the pressure inside the thoracic cavity during inhalation?

It decreases, allowing air to flow into the lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the transversus thoracis muscle during exhalation?

It helps to depress the ribs Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of breathing is the pressure inside the thoracic cavity equal to the outside pressure?

At rest Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the volume of the thoracic cavity increasing during inhalation?

Air flows into the lungs Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Respiratory System

Respiratory systems are organs that exchange gases with the environment.

Functions

Allow oxygen into body tissues and remove carbon dioxide from cells.

Specialized Structures

Gills (Aquatic Animals)
Spiracles (Terrestrial Insects)
Lungs (Most Terrestrial Vertebrates)

Pulmonary Ventilation

Moving air into and out of the lungs (breathing)

External Respiration

Gas exchange between pulmonary blood and alveoli
Oxygen is loaded into the blood
Carbon dioxide is unloaded from the blood

Zones of the Respiratory System

Respiratory Zone: where gas exchange occurs within the lungs
Conducting Zone: where air comes in and out of the body

Human Respiratory System

Three regions of the pharynx (throat): Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, and Laryngopharynx
The oropharynx and laryngopharynx are common passageways for air and food

Lung Structure

Left lung has two lobes: superior and inferior
Right lung has three lobes: superior, middle, and inferior
Apex extends up to the base of the neck, above the first rib
Base of the lung sits on the diaphragm

External Respiration Processes

Pulmonary ventilation or breathing
Gas diffusion across the respiratory membrane and between blood and body tissues
Transport of O2 and CO2 in blood

Internal Respiration

Absorption and use of oxygen by tissue cells
Release of carbon dioxide from tissue cells

Pressure and Airflow into Lungs

Increase in volume decreases air pressure
Decrease in volume increases air pressure

Changes in Thoracic Volume

Relaxed diaphragm is dome-shaped
Contraction pulls it downward, expanding the lungs
Rib cage elevation expands the thorax, relaxation depresses it

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge of the respiratory system, including its function, importance, and key terms. Learn about the process of respiration and how it relates to cellular respiration. This quiz is designed for General Biology 2 students.