General Biology 1 Reviewer: Hydrolysis, Phosphorylation, Chromatography, and Pigments
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Questions and Answers

What is the biochemical process that involves the addition of phosphate to an organic compound?

  • Phosphorylation (correct)
  • Hydrolysis
  • Photoexcitation
  • Chromatography
  • What is the aggregate of pigments and proteins in the thylakoid membrane responsible for the absorption of photons and the transfer of energy and electrons?

  • Photosystem II
  • Light-harvesting complex (correct)
  • Photosystem I
  • Reaction-center complex
  • Which pigment absorbs light with a wavelength of 680nm in the reaction-center of Photosystem II?

  • Carotenoids
  • Chlorophyll b
  • Pigments
  • Chlorophyll a (correct)
  • What is the process of breaking down bonds between the phosphate groups?

    <p>Hydrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the separation technique used to identify various components of mixtures based on the differences in their structure and/or composition?

    <p>Chromatography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the production of an excited state of a quantum system by photon absorption?

    <p>Photoexcitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main type of work that involves the pumping of substances across membranes against the direction of spontaneous movement?

    <p>Transport work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis?

    <p>Incorporating CO2 into organic molecules through carbon fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pigment is responsible for the yellow, bright red, and orange color of plants?

    <p>Carotenoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process through which cells convert sugars into energy to create ATP and other forms of energy?

    <p>Cellular respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the synthesis of monomers of polymers occur in the cell?

    <p>Thylakoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecules are found in orange and yellow fruits and vegetables, responsible for their color?

    <p>Xanthophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the molecule found in purple grapes, black berries, strawberries, and raspberries?

    <p>Anthocyanins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the chloroplast compartmentalizes from the cell?

    <p>Outer membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the stack of thylakoids in the chloroplast that maximizes light absorption?

    <p>Granum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that uses sunlight to initiate electron transfer, reducing NADP+ to NADPH and splitting water to give off oxygen as a by-product?

    <p>Light reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

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