General Biology 1 Reviewer: Hydrolysis, Phosphorylation, Chromatography, and Pigments

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Questions and Answers

What is the biochemical process that involves the addition of phosphate to an organic compound?

  • Phosphorylation (correct)
  • Hydrolysis
  • Photoexcitation
  • Chromatography

What is the aggregate of pigments and proteins in the thylakoid membrane responsible for the absorption of photons and the transfer of energy and electrons?

  • Photosystem II
  • Light-harvesting complex (correct)
  • Photosystem I
  • Reaction-center complex

Which pigment absorbs light with a wavelength of 680nm in the reaction-center of Photosystem II?

  • Carotenoids
  • Chlorophyll b
  • Pigments
  • Chlorophyll a (correct)

What is the process of breaking down bonds between the phosphate groups?

<p>Hydrolysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the separation technique used to identify various components of mixtures based on the differences in their structure and/or composition?

<p>Chromatography (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the production of an excited state of a quantum system by photon absorption?

<p>Photoexcitation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main type of work that involves the pumping of substances across membranes against the direction of spontaneous movement?

<p>Transport work (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis?

<p>Incorporating CO2 into organic molecules through carbon fixation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pigment is responsible for the yellow, bright red, and orange color of plants?

<p>Carotenoids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process through which cells convert sugars into energy to create ATP and other forms of energy?

<p>Cellular respiration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the synthesis of monomers of polymers occur in the cell?

<p>Thylakoids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecules are found in orange and yellow fruits and vegetables, responsible for their color?

<p>Xanthophyll (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the molecule found in purple grapes, black berries, strawberries, and raspberries?

<p>Anthocyanins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the chloroplast compartmentalizes from the cell?

<p>Outer membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the stack of thylakoids in the chloroplast that maximizes light absorption?

<p>Granum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that uses sunlight to initiate electron transfer, reducing NADP+ to NADPH and splitting water to give off oxygen as a by-product?

<p>Light reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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