General Biology 1 - Module 1: Cells

Robert Hooke

<p>Anton van Leeuwenhoek</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rudolf Virchow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jelly-like substance that fills the cell and contains organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stores genetic material (DNA) and regulates cellular activities like growth, metabolism, and reproduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Powerhouse of the cell; site of ATP (energy) production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rough ER: Studded with ribosomes; synthesizes proteins. Smooth ER: Synthesizes lipids and detoxifies substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modifies, packages, and transports proteins and lipids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contain enzymes for digestion and waste removal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Site of photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Store water, nutrients, and waste (large in plants).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provides structure and facilitates movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A prokaryotic cell is a simple, unicellular organism that lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. The genetic material is present in a region called the nucleoid. Examples include bacteria and archaea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria, Archaea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Make up the body (e.g., skin cells, muscle cells).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reproductive cells (e.g., sperm and egg cells).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transport oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transmit signals in the nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Responsible for movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulate gas exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase surface area for absorption (e.g., in intestinal cells).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aid in movement and locomotion (e.g., in sperm or respiratory tract).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Extensions of the cytoplasm for movement or engulfing food (e.g., amoeba).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provides strength and protection (e.g., in xylem cells).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Channels between plant cells for transport and communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adapted to store nutrients, waste, or water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formation of a protective layer in skin cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The fundamental concept that states all living organisms are composed of cells, cells are the smallest unit of life, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.

The scientist who first observed and named 'cells' in cork tissue in 1665.

The scientist who observed living cells, including bacteria, using a simple microscope.

Proposed that all plants are made of cells.

Co-proposed that all animals are made of cells.

Stated that all cells arise from pre-existing cells (Omnis cellula e cellula).

A semi-permeable membrane made of a lipid bilayer controlling movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Jelly-like substance filling the cell, containing organelles.

The part of the cell that stores DNA and regulates cellular activities.

Known as the powerhouse of the cell; site of ATP production.

An organelle that synthesizes proteins (Rough ER) and lipids while detoxifying substances (Smooth ER).

Modifies, packages, and transports proteins and lipids.

Organelles that contain enzymes for digestion and waste removal.

Cell structures that synthesize proteins.

Organelles in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs.

Storage organelles that store water, nutrients, and waste, especially large in plant cells.

Provides structure and facilitates movement within the cell.

Simple, unicellular organisms without a true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, such as bacteria.

Complex cells with a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, found in plants, animals, fungi, and protists.

Cells that make up the body, such as skin and muscle cells.

Reproductive cells, such as sperm and egg cells.

Structures on cells that increase surface area for absorption, seen in intestinal cells.

Hair-like structures that aid in movement and locomotion.

Extensions of the cytoplasm used for movement or engulfing food in some cells like amoeba.

Modification in plant cells providing strength and protection.

Channels between plant cells for transport and communication.

Formation of a protective layer in skin cells.

Structures formed by prokaryotes like bacteria under harsh conditions for survival.