General Biology 1 - Key Concepts Review
43 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What does the Second Law of Thermodynamics state?

The Second Law of Thermodynamics explains the loss of available energy during a process due to a tendency for disorder.

What does the First Law of Thermodynamics state?

The First Law of Thermodynamics states energy can be converted or transduced into another form of energy.

What are enzymes and what do they do?

Enzymes are proteins that help catalyze chemical reactions.

Hydrolysis of ATP does not have highly positive (\Delta G)

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Gibbs Free Energy measure?

<p>Gibbs Free Energy is the measure of useful energy in a thermodynamic system under constant temperature and pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is metabolism?

<p>Metabolism is all of the chemical reactions occurring in a cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is photosynthesis?

<p>Photosynthesis is the name for the process plants use to make food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

<p>Carbon dioxide and Water are the reactants of photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is chlorophyll?

<p>Chlorophyll is the name of the green pigment found inside plant cells, which is needed for photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Light Energy is required for photosythesis to take place.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the products of photosynthesis?

<p>Glucose and Oxygen are the products of photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is starch?

<p>Starch is the insoluble product from glucose that is used for storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is cellulose?

<p>Cellulose is the chemical made from glucose that is converted to make cell walls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a plant grown in the dark is tested for starch using iodine, the iodine will not change color.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Growing in a greenhouse will not limit the rate of photosynthesis.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Leaves trap flies to gain extra nutrients is not a general leaf adaptation for photosynthesis.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the uses of leaves?

<p>Conversion is not use in many essential plant processes and as a source of raw materials for plant compounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tree planting does not cause atmospheric carbon dioxide levels to rise dangerously high.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ozone layer and what does it do?

<p>Oxygen also lead to the formation of the ozone layer, which filters out harmful UV rays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?

<p>$6CO_2 + 6H_2O \longrightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thick is not a certain key features of leaves

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is respiration used for?

<p>Respiration is used during aerobic respiration for obtaining oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the raw materials for aerobic respiration?

<p>Glucose and Oxygen are the raw materials for aerobic respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the waste products of aerobic respiration?

<p>Carbon dioxide and Water are the waste products of aerobic respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of aerobic respiration?

<p>Energy is the useful product of aerobic respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

<p>glucose + oxygen \longrightarrow carbon dioxide + water + energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Animals carry out anaerobic respiration when they cannot get enough oxygen.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main waste product of anaerobic respiration?

<p>Lactic acid is the main waste product of anaerobic respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the statement "The conversion of proteins into amino acids which make muscle" describe?

<p>One use of the energy released during respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the statement "Allowing body temperature to change to match the air temperature" describe?

<p>Another use of the energy generated by respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Muscles contract inefficiently during anaerobic respiration because glucose breakdown is building up an oxygen debt.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the example of someone who has gone through anaerobic respiration?

<p>A footballer has played for 90 minutes in a tiring game. He come off the pitch breathing heavily to complete oxidation of lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the characteristics to the correct respiration type:

<p>Aerobic respiration = Carried out when the supply of oxygen to the body's cell is high Anaerobic respiration = Carried out when the supply of oxygen to the body's cell is low</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anaerobic respiration is carried out when the supply of oxygen to the body's cell is high.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aerobic respiration involves the complete breakdown of glucose.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aerobic respiration produces a lot of energy for the body.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anaerobic respiration produces a small amount of energy for the body.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aerobic respiration generates energy by turning glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide and water.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anaerobic respiration generates energy by turning glucose into lactic acid.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aerobic respiration can be carried out for a long period of time.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anaerobic respiration can only be carried out for a short period of time.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aerobic respiration does not build up an oxygen debt.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anaerobic respiration builds up an oxygen debt.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

General Biology 1 - Reviewer Notes

  • Second Law of Thermodynamics: Explains the loss of usable energy in a process due to a tendency towards disorder.
  • First Law of Thermodynamics: Energy can be converted or transferred from one form to another.
  • Enzymes: Proteins that catalyze chemical reactions.
  • ATP: The primary energy currency of a cell. ATP hydrolysis releases energy.
  • Gibbs Free Energy: Measures the useful energy available in a system at a constant temperature and pressure.
  • Metabolism: All chemical reactions in a cell.
  • Catabolism: Chemical pathways that break down molecules, releasing energy.
  • Photosynthesis: The process plants use to make food.
    • Reactants: Carbon dioxide and water.
    • Product: Glucose.
    • Chlorophyll: The green pigment needed for photosynthesis.
  • Light energy is essential for photosynthesis.
  • Glucose: A product of photosynthesis, used for energy storage as starch.
  • Cellulose: A complex carbohydrate used for cell walls, derived from glucose.
  • Photosynthesis in Dark: Plants grown in the dark do not produce starch when tested with iodine.
  • Leaf Adaptations for Photosynthesis: Leaves are adapted to maximize sunlight absorption and gas exchange. Greenhouse environments do not affect photosynthetic rates, nor do plants need extra nutrients for photosynthesis.
  • Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Trees: Tree planting does not increase atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. Oxygen production contributes to the ozone layer and the filtration of UV rays.
  • Photosynthesis Equation: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
  • Respiration (General): The process of obtaining oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide.
  • Aerobic Respiration
    • Occurs when sufficient oxygen is available.
    • Completely breaks down glucose.
    • Produces a significant amount of energy (ATP).
    • The products are carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
    • Equation: glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy.
    • This process typically occurs for an extended period.
  • Anaerobic Respiration
    • Occurs when limited oxygen is available.
    • Incomplete breakdown of glucose.
    • Produces a smaller amount of energy compared to aerobic.
    • Produces lactic acid as a byproduct.
    • Primarily occurs for a limited time.
  • Lactic Acid: A waste product of anaerobic respiration.
  • Energy Release (Respiration): Energy from respiration is used to maintain body temperature and for muscle function. Also, the conversion of proteins to amino acids is a use of energy from respiration.
  • Physical Activity & Respiration: During prolonged exertion, respiration shifts from aerobic to anaerobic processes as oxygen levels diminish. Muscle inefficiency occurs with anaerobic respiration due to the build up of lactic acid. A person using muscular power for an extended period, like a football game, may experience anaerobic processes for some extended period until the oxygen supply can be restored.
  • Footballer Example: Explains the body's response during high-intensity exercise where the athlete shifts gears from aerobic to anaerobic respiration due to insufficient oxygen.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

IMG_4638.jpeg

Description

This quiz covers essential concepts from General Biology 1, focusing on thermodynamics, enzymes, and metabolic pathways. Understand the principles of energy transfer, the role of ATP, and the process of photosynthesis. Test your knowledge on these fundamental biological processes and their importance in life science.

More Like This

Biology: Glycolysis and Thermodynamics
40 questions

Biology: Glycolysis and Thermodynamics

ReputableZither3191 avatar
ReputableZither3191
Biology Chapter: Metabolism and Energy
40 questions

Biology Chapter: Metabolism and Energy

HolySupernova4347 avatar
HolySupernova4347
Biology Chapter: Energy and Metabolism
18 questions

Biology Chapter: Energy and Metabolism

GenialLoyalty avatar
GenialLoyalty
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser