General Banking Law of 2000 in the Philippines

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As bank regulators have tried to reduce overall risk by raising capital requirement, banks have moved assets off their balance sheets and tried to replace ______ income with fee income.

interest

In these efforts, banks attempt to be more like insurance brokers, realtors and investment bankers competing with a broader range of firms in more ______ markets.

product

As capital becomes increasingly costly or impossible to obtain, individual firms are forced to ______ to continue operations.

merge

Bankers now compete directly in ______, product offerings and service.

price

The range of deposit products is much ______ than what was previously available.

broader

Deposit services are often priced to encourage customers to conduct the ______ of their banking business with one firm.

bulk

As bank funding costs increased, competition for ______ put downward pressure on loan yields and interest spreads over the cost of bank funds.

loans

High quality corporate borrowers have always had the option to issue ______ or long-term bonds rather than borrow from banks.

commercial papers

Small- to medium-sized banks continue to concentrate on ______ but seek to strengthen customer relationships by offering personal service.

loans

Once the exclusive domain of banks and other depository institutions, the nation's ______ has become highly competitive.

payment system

Many analysts argue that the future delivery of banking services will not take place in the ______ of a bank building but rather through smart cards, ATM networks and the Internet.

brick and mortar branches

Banks and their affiliates offer many ______ in addition to deposits and loans.

products and services

Times may need to stop the loss of ______

deposits

The external environment, evidenced by volatile economic conditions, new ______ and technological developments, creates the opportunity for innovation

regulations

Innovation in delivery systems normally takes the form of new technological ______ to facilitate funds transfers

development

Banks popularized ______ and POS terminals in retail outlets

ATMs

More recent innovations include the development of ______ cards, home banking networks and Internet banking

debit

Universal and commercial banks represent the largest single group, ______-wise, of financial institutions in the country.

resource

In addition to the function of an ordinary commercial bank, universal banks are also authorized to engage in underwriting and other functions of ______, and to invest in equities of non-allied undertakings.

investment houses

Thrift banks are engaged in accumulating savings of depositors and ______ them.

investing

Thrift banks also provide short-term working capital and medium- and long-term financing to businesses engaged in agriculture, services, industry and housing, and diversified financial and ______ services.

allied

Thrift banks provide financing to their chosen markets and constituencies, especially ______- and medium- enterprises and individuals.

small

Existing rural banks (RBs) as defined in R.A.No. ______ are also classified as a type of bank.

7353

R.A. 8791 is also known as the General Banking Law of ______

2000

Foreign banks are allowed to acquire up to 100 percent of the voting stock of an existing bank within ______ years after the effectivity of the Act

seven

There is a three-year moratorium on the establishment of commercial banks to hasten the ongoing consolidation process in the ______ system

banking

Stricter rules govern bank exposure to directors, officers, stockholders and related interests (DOSRI), including investments of the bank in enterprises owned or controlled by said ______

DOSRI

Application of fit-proper rule test for a director or officer to hold said position in a ______

bank

The Monetary Board is empowered to disqualify, remove or suspend a director or officer for acts or omissions that render him unfit for the ______

position

Study Notes

Classification of Banks

  • Banks are classified into several types, including:
    • Universal banks (UBs)
    • Commercial banks (KBs)
    • Thrift banks (TBs)
    • Rural banks (RBs)
    • Cooperative banks (Coop Banks)
    • Islamic banks (IBs)
    • Digital banks

Thrift Banking System

  • Composed of:
    • Savings and mortgage banks
    • Private development banks
    • Stock savings and loan associations
    • Microfinance thrift banks
  • Engaged in accumulating savings and investing them
  • Providing short-term working capital and medium- and long-term financing to businesses and individuals

General Banking Law of 2000 (R.A. 8791)

  • Institutionalized banking reforms in the Philippines
  • Key features:
    • Greater foreign participation in the system, inducing competition
    • Three-year moratorium on the establishment of commercial banks
    • Stricter rules governing bank exposure to directors, officers, stockholders, and related interests (DOSRI)
    • Application of fit-proper rule test for a director or officer to hold a position in a bank

Banking Environment

  • Increased competition in the banking industry
  • Banks are free to set prices for their services and offer a range of products
  • Competition for deposits, loans, and payment services
  • Advances in technology have increased customer choices and pricing transparency

Challenges and Opportunities

  • Banks face challenges in maintaining profitability and competitiveness
  • Opportunities for innovation in delivery systems, products, and services
  • Importance of adapting to changing economic conditions, regulations, and technological developments

Test your knowledge on the General Banking Law of 2000 in the Philippines, which brought about significant banking reforms and regulations. Explore the key features and provisions of this law with this quiz.

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